Cell Structure Flashcards
Unicellular
Consists of a single cell
Protists
Eukaryotes consisting of single-celled organisms
Multicellular
Consists of many cells (animals, plants, most fungi)
Nucleus
The control center of the cell
Cytoplasm
Fluid that fills each cell and is contained by the plasma membrane
Plasma Membrane
Semi-permeable membrane made of lipids and proteins that contain the cell
Differentiation
Process by which cells become specialized
Organelle
A sub-cellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell
Eukaryote
An organism whose cells contain a nucleus within a membrane
Prokaryote
Unicellular organisms with a nucleoid (no membrane)
No membrane or nucleus
Metabolism
The chemical reactions in the body’s cells that change food into energy
Metabolite
An intermediate or end product of metabolism
Nuclear Envelope
A double-layered membrane
Nuclear Pore
Allows material in and out of the nucleus
Chromosome
A length of DNA that carries specific genes in a sequence
Chromatin
A complex structure made up of DNA tightly wrapped around proteins called histones
Nucleolus
Compacted region inside the nucleus
the site of ribosome synthesis
Mitochondria
Small organelles found within cells
the cells energy source
Cristae
A fold in the inner membrane of a mitochondria
Matrix
Fluid on the inside of the cell membrane
Ribosome
The cellular machinery responsible for making proteins
protein synthesis
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A network of membranes inside a cell through which proteins and other molecules move
Golgi Apparatus
Organelle made up of stack-like collections of flattened membrane sacs
Lysosome
Tiny spherical vesicles surrounded by a single membrane
breaks down foreign materials and waste
