Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

USMLE BIOCHEMISTRY > Protein Synthesis and Trafficking > Flashcards

Protein Synthesis and Trafficking Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Where does transcription occur

A

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Transcription

A

A Procces where a DNA particle becomes RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Translation

A

Procces where ARN find a Ribosome and make proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Types of RNA

A

t-RNA: Carries aa to Ribosomes in translation
m-RNA: Carries information from DNA to Ribosomes
mi-RNA: Gene regulation (destroys m-RNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What kind of ribosomes there are

A

Cytosolic and Endoplasmic Reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are Ribosomes made of

A

RNA and proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum main functions

A

Two types:
1. Smooth: Synthesis of Steroids and Detoxification
2. Rough: HAVE RIBOSOMES to make proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does determine aminoacid sequence

A

Genes content in DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A single mRNA can produce ___________ of proteins from one _________

A

Thousands of copies from One Ribosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are post-translational modifications

A

Chemical modifications to turn inmature proteins into mature proteins and production of chaperons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where does PTM happen

A

Gogi Apparatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the main chemical modifications made by PTM

A
  1. Attaching of biomolecules to proteins by Olygosacarides/Glycoproteins.
  2. Creation of Disulfide bonds between aa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ER send ribosomes to ______for PTM

A

Golgi Apparatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Golgi apparatus ____________ proteins to ____________

A

Distributes / Their final destination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is I-Cell disease

A
  • Disease caused by G1cNAc deficiency.
  • Produces a lack of phosphorylation of mannose residues and molecules cannot go into LYSOSOMES
  • HIGH ELEVATED LYSOSOMAL ENZIMES IN SERUM
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

I-Cell disease clinical features

A

Facial abnormalities + Gingival Hyperplasia

17
Q

How do Proteins transport inside the cells

A
  • Cytosolic Ribosomes: Diffusion
  • ER Ribosomes: Vesicle-mediated transport
18
Q

Cytosolic Ribosomes produce proteins for

A
  1. Stay in cytosol
  2. Nucleus proteins
  3. Peroxisome proteins
  4. Mitochondria proteins
19
Q

ER Ribosomes produce proteins for

A
  1. Plasma membrane proteins
  2. Organelles proteins: Lysosome/Golgi Appparatus/ ER
  3. Secreted proteins
20
Q

What are the 3 transport mechanism in Golgi Apparatus

A

COP 1: Retrograde (Golgi to ER)
COP 2: Anterograde (ER to Golgi)
Clathries: Golgi to Lysosome

USMLE BIOCHEMISTRY (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions