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USMLE BIOCHEMISTRY > Lipid Transport > Flashcards

Lipid Transport Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Lipids are soluble in _________ solvents

A

Non-Polar

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2
Q

Function of lipids

A

Source of energy
Signaling
Plasma membrane structure

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3
Q

How do Dietary Lipids get to Body cells

A

Via Lipoproteins

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4
Q

Where does chylomicron is produced?

A

Intestine (small intestine)

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5
Q

What is a chylomicron

A

Molecule composed of Lipid + Lipoprotein

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6
Q

Chylomicron express which surface protein

A

Apo B84

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7
Q

Where do Chylomicrons go after formation?

A

Lympathic channels

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8
Q

What happens once a Chylomicron runs out of fatty acids

A

It is processed by the Liver into cholesterol

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9
Q

Where do VLDL is produced?

A

Liver

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10
Q

Which surface protein is representative of VLDL?

A

Apo B100

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11
Q

What is the function of VLDL?

A

Same as Chylomicron

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12
Q

What happens once VLDL has run out of fatty acids

A

It becomes IDL

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13
Q

What routes do IDL have?

A
  1. Processed by liver
  2. Formation of LDL (High in cholesterol) and then absorbed by peripheral cells
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14
Q

LDL receptor interact with which molecule?

A

Apo B100

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15
Q

What are HDL function?

A

Donates ApoC2 and ApoE to chylomicron and VLDL

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16
Q

What is ApoC2 function?

A
  • Activation of Lipoprotein Lipase = Breakdown of TG into FA
  • Let FA enter into pheripheral cells
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17
Q

What is ApoE function?

A

Allows reuptake of remmant lipoproteins for recycling in the Liver

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18
Q

How does an inmature HDL becomes a Mature HDL?

A

Via LCAT enzyme (Activated by Lipoprotein A1)

19
Q

Apo B48 function

A

Transport of Chylomicrons into lymphatics

20
Q

Apo B100 function

A

Binds to LDL for uptake of LDL by peripheral cells (ENDOCITOSIS)

21
Q

Abetalipoproteinemia inheritance pattern

A

Autosomal Recesive

22
Q

Which surface protein is deficient in Abetalipoproteinemia?

A

ApoB48 / ApoB100

23
Q

Abetalipoproteinemia is characterized by absence of which Lipoproteins?

A

Chylomicron
VLDL
LDL

24
Q

Clinical features of Abetalipoproteinemia?

A

Severe fat malabsorption + FTT + Deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins

25
Q

Treatment of Abetalipoproteinemia?

A

Vitamin E

26
Q

Familial Hypercholesterolemia inheritance pattern

A

Autosomal Recessive

27
Q

Which surface protein is deficient in Familial Hypercholesterolemia

A

LDL Receptor or Apo B100

28
Q

Which Lipoproteins are increased in Familial Hypercholesterolemia

A

LDL (++)
Cholesterol

29
Q

Familial Hypercholeterolemia is associated to

A

Early-onset Atherosclerosis (Accelerated)

30
Q

Familial Hypercholeterolemia is associated to

A

Early-onset Atherosclerosis (Accelerated)

31
Q

Familial Dyslipidemias follows which kind of inheritance pattern

A

Autosomal Recessive

32
Q

Dysbetalipoproteinemia is caused by deficient

A

ApoE

33
Q

Which lipoproteins are affected in Dysbetalipoproteinemia

A

Increased Chylomicrons and VLDL

34
Q

Dysbetalipoproteinemia clinical features

A

Accelerated Atherosclerosis + Xanthomas

35
Q

Familial Hypertriglyciridemia is caused by

A

Excessive production of VLDL

36
Q

Familial Hypertriglyciridemia is associated to

A

Pancreatitis

37
Q

Hyperchylomicronemia is caused by deficient

A

Lipoprotein Lipase or ApoC2

38
Q

Hyperchylomicronemia is consistent with elevation of __________

A
39
Q

Hyperchylomicronemia is consistent with elevation of __________

A

Chylomicrons / Triglycerides / Cholesterol

40
Q

Hyperchylomicronemia clinical features

A

Pancreatitis + Xanthomas + Hepatosplenomegaly

41
Q

Hyperchylomicronemia main feature for diagnosis

A

Creamy layer of fat in supernatant

42
Q

Association between Hyperchylomicronemia and Atherosclerosis

A

NON-EXISTENT

43
Q

Association between Hyperchylomicronemia and Atherosclerosis

A

NON-EXISTENT

USMLE BIOCHEMISTRY (17 decks)

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