Fatty Acids metabolism

Question 1

In Fatty acid Metabolism, what reaction is anabolic

Answer 1

Fatty acid synthesis

Question 2

In Fatty acid Metabolism, what reaction is catabolic

Answer 2

Beta-oxidation

Question 3

Which effect does Insulin have on FA metabolism?

Answer 3

Insulin increases FA synthesis and decreases B-oxidation.

Question 4

Which effect does Glucagonhave on FA metabolism?

Answer 4

Increases B-Oxidation and decreases FA synthesis

Question 5

Fatty acid synthesis reactants

Answer 5

Acetyl Co-A and NADPH

Question 6

Location where fatty acid synthesis occurs

Answer 6

Liver, mammary gland and adipose tissue cells
All steps in Cytosol, except 1st step, which occurs in the mitochondria

Question 7

Regulation of Fatty acid synthesis

Answer 7

Allosteric via Acetyl Co-A Carboxylase
Activated: Insulin and citrate
Inhibited: Glucagon and FA

Question 8

B-oxidation reactant

Answer 8

Fatty acids

Question 9

B-Oxidation final product

Answer 9

Acetyl Co-A
NADH
FADH

Question 10

Where does B-oxidation occur

Answer 10

Adiposal Tissue / Liver
(1st step in cytosol, rest in mitochondria)

Question 11

Regulation of B-Oxidation

Answer 11

Allosteric via Carnitine Acetyltransferase
Inhibited by Malonyl Co-A / FED STATE

Question 12

Systemic Carnitine Deficiency is caused by

Answer 12

Deficient carnitine

Question 13

Fatty acid metabolism disorders are characterized for

Answer 13

Hypoketotic Hypoglycemia

Question 14

Systemic Carnitine Deficiency clinical features

Answer 14

Hypoketotic Hypoglycemia + Muscle Weakness + Cardiomegaly

Question 15

Systemic Carnitine Deficiency treatment

Answer 15

High dose carnitine / Avoid fasting

Question 16

MCAD deficiency is caused by

Answer 16

Deficiency of Medium Chain Acyl Co-A Dehydrogenase

Question 17

MCAD main features

Answer 17

Hypoketotic hypoglycemia + Elevated Fatty acil carnitines in blood

Question 18

MCAD is associated to ____________ in infants

Answer 18

Sudden infant death

Question 19

Treatment of MCAD deficiency

Answer 19

Avoid fasting

Question 20

What are Ketone bodies?

Answer 20

Molecules created by catabolism of Fatty acids and Ketogenic Aminoacids

Question 21

Which essential aminoacids are essentially ketogenic

Answer 21

Lysine and Leucine

Question 22

Which organs can use Ketone bodies as a source of energy?

Answer 22

Brain
Heart
Skeletal Muscle

Question 23

Ketone bodies is an important source of ATP after __ hours

Answer 23

72 hours

Question 24

Ketone bodies is an important source of ATP after __ hours

Answer 24

72 hours (Starvation)

Question 25

What is Ketogenesis?

Answer 25

Production of Ketone Bodies from fatty acids in the mitochondria.

Question 26

Which enzyme regulates Ketogenesis?

Answer 26

HMG Co-A Lyase

Question 27

At which saturation point of Beta oxidation do ketone bodies are produced?

Answer 27

Above 80-90% saturation