Fatty Acids metabolism Flashcards
In Fatty acid Metabolism, what reaction is anabolic
Fatty acid synthesis
In Fatty acid Metabolism, what reaction is catabolic
Beta-oxidation
Which effect does Insulin have on FA metabolism?
Insulin increases FA synthesis and decreases B-oxidation.
Which effect does Glucagonhave on FA metabolism?
Increases B-Oxidation and decreases FA synthesis
Fatty acid synthesis reactants
Acetyl Co-A and NADPH
Location where fatty acid synthesis occurs
Liver, mammary gland and adipose tissue cells
All steps in Cytosol, except 1st step, which occurs in the mitochondria
Regulation of Fatty acid synthesis
Allosteric via Acetyl Co-A Carboxylase
Activated: Insulin and citrate
Inhibited: Glucagon and FA
B-oxidation reactant
Fatty acids
B-Oxidation final product
Acetyl Co-A
NADH
FADH
Where does B-oxidation occur
Adiposal Tissue / Liver
(1st step in cytosol, rest in mitochondria)
Regulation of B-Oxidation
Allosteric via Carnitine Acetyltransferase
Inhibited by Malonyl Co-A / FED STATE
Systemic Carnitine Deficiency is caused by
Deficient carnitine
Fatty acid metabolism disorders are characterized for
Hypoketotic Hypoglycemia
Systemic Carnitine Deficiency clinical features
Hypoketotic Hypoglycemia + Muscle Weakness + Cardiomegaly
Systemic Carnitine Deficiency treatment
High dose carnitine / Avoid fasting
MCAD deficiency is caused by
Deficiency of Medium Chain Acyl Co-A Dehydrogenase
MCAD main features
Hypoketotic hypoglycemia + Elevated Fatty acil carnitines in blood
MCAD is associated to ____________ in infants
Sudden infant death
Treatment of MCAD deficiency
Avoid fasting
What are Ketone bodies?
Molecules created by catabolism of Fatty acids and Ketogenic Aminoacids
Which essential aminoacids are essentially ketogenic
Lysine and Leucine
Which organs can use Ketone bodies as a source of energy?
Brain
Heart
Skeletal Muscle
Ketone bodies is an important source of ATP after __ hours
72 hours
Ketone bodies is an important source of ATP after __ hours
72 hours (Starvation)
What is Ketogenesis?
Production of Ketone Bodies from fatty acids in the mitochondria.
Which enzyme regulates Ketogenesis?
HMG Co-A Lyase
At which saturation point of Beta oxidation do ketone bodies are produced?
Above 80-90% saturation
