Protein synthesis Flashcards
What are proteins made up of
amino acids
How are different proteins distinguishable
amino acids fold up to give each protein different shape, giving the protein different function.
how is each amino acid coded
by three bases in the gene - called base triplet
amino acids are joined together to make proteins following order of the bases in the gene
What happens if there is a mutation
the genetic variant will code for a different sequence of amino acids, meaning a different protein
enzyme activity will change
Transcription
Synthesises mRNA
How does transcription work
RNA polymerase makes RNA
RNA polymerase unzips DNA
Free nucleotides match with base pairs in mRNA
Translation
mRNA is bound to ribosome, protein is assembled
How does translation work
mRNA has triplet base pair
tRNA has amino acids and brings it to the mRNA with base pairs
How is a protein formed
the polypeptide chain folds up to form a protein
