Protection of Nav Aids

Question 1

what are the three requirements that must be met for any nav system to be successful

Answer 1

integrity, accuracy, availability and reliability

Question 2

integrity

Answer 2

the ability of the system to monitor itself and provide timely warnings to users or shut itself down when it should not be used for navigation

Question 3

accuracy

Answer 3

the ability of the system to show the true position of an aircraft at any time

Question 4

avaliability

Answer 4

the ability for NAVAIDs to provide the navigational service whenever it is needed by the user of the system

Question 5

visual approach

Answer 5

VFR conditions, 3SM vis with ceilings at least 1,000ft

Question 6

contact approach

Answer 6

results from an instrument approach when the visibility is greater than 1 mile

Question 7

what is the main difference between a visual approach and a contact approach

Answer 7

a pilot must request a contact approach, while a visual approach may be assigned by ATC

Question 8

instrument approach

Answer 8

an approach using horizontal or vertical guidance in a procedure established by the FAA. can be precision or non-precision

Question 9

What is a TERPS

Answer 9

terminal procedures. a specialized approach to increase the use of a runway, but mandates a path that can result in a concentration of noise impact on those beneath it

Question 10

what is a SID

Answer 10

a standard instrument departure. a preplanned instrument flight rule for air traffic control departure. pre-printed and can be given in a clearance to lessen the burden of communicating and can be given in a clearance

Question 11

GO OVER ILS CATEGORIES IN NOTEBOOK

Answer 11

I - 200ft DH - 2400 RVR
II - 200ft DH - 1800 RVR
III - 100ft DH - 1200 RV

Question 12

runway visual range

Answer 12

an instrumentally derived value, based on standard calibrations, that represent the horizontal distance a pilot will see down the runway from the approach end. Based on the measurement of a transmissometer made near the touchdown point of the instrument runway

Question 13

When is RVR required

Answer 13

for a CAT I II or III approach

Question 14

What is an LDA

Answer 14

a localizer directional aid used for approach guidance to an airport, but usually offset form the centerline of the runway. goes out 10 degrees for 18 miles

Question 15

what is the localizer critical area

Answer 15

it is usually 500ft around the antennas, 400ft wide, and extends 2,000ft down the runway

Question 16

What are the three required components of an ILS

Answer 16

a localizer, RVR, and marker beacons

Question 17

where are marker beacons located for CAT II and III approaches

Answer 17

outer marker is located 4-7NM from the runway threshold, middle marker is 2,000-6,000ft from the threshold, and inner marker or DME marker is 1,000ft from the threshold

Question 18

what is a VOR, where is it located and its radius

Answer 18

a very high frequency omnidirectional range
the transmitters have a 25 mile range, and low altitude VORs that provide terminal navigation go to 40miles
VOR or TVORs have a 750-1,000ft radius protection zone

Question 19

SDF (Simplified Directional Facility)

Answer 19

instead of a ILS, less expensive
provides course information similar to an ILS but less accurate, but more flexible given surrounding environment

Question 20

DME (Distance Measuring Equipment)

Answer 20

provides distance information from the station. basically echolocation

Question 21

GPS (global positioning system)

Answer 21

satellite-based nav system. provides velocity info and is less susceptible to ground interference or error. It is susceptible to line of sight. a minimum of four satellites for a 3 dimensional position

Question 22

WAAS (wide area augmentation system)

Answer 22

Uses a combination of GPS satellites and WASS satellites gives ILS capability without the purchase or ground based equipment. can achieve minimums as low as 200 ft and 1/2 vis

Question 23

GBAS (ground-based augmentation system)

Answer 23

a ground based augmentation to GPS that focuses its service on the airport area (20-30 mile radius). Broadcasts on VHF. Highly accurate

Question 24

ADSB (automatic dependent surveillance)

Answer 24

a surveillance technique in which aircraft automatically provide data derived from on-board navigation and position fixing systems, including aircraft identification, four-dimensional position and additional dta as appropriate

Question 25

Mode C transponder broadcasts what?

Answer 25

altitude

Question 26

Mode S transponder gives what information?

Answer 26

aircraft speed, rate of climb, weather, clearances, and traffic information between the controller and aircraft

Question 27

How far out does radar reach from the station?

Answer 27

60 miles

Question 28

what are the two drawbacks with primary radar systems

Answer 28

1. very susceptible to atmospheric conditions and the size of the target
2. They do not provide information about the aircrafts altitude

Question 29

ARTS (automated radar terminal system)

Answer 29

has the capability to predict flight paths, determine conflicts with other aircraft, receive altitude information, and transmit or receive other important aircraft identification information

Question 30

what are the two maor types of ARTS

Answer 30

models IIE and IIIE

Question 31

ASDE (airport surface detection equipment)

Answer 31

is designed to enhance safety on the airport surface during all-weather conditions. it augments and confirms information obtained from visual surveillance of the airport surface or verbal reports of aircraft positions

Question 32

ADSE-3

Answer 32

the same as ADSE except it detects potential collisions on airport runways

Question 33

ADSE-X

Answer 33

provides more precise surface detection than ADSE or ADSE-3. It integrates radar, transponders and ADSB

Question 34

What is the airport responsible for pertaining to navaids?

Answer 34

preventing the construction of facilities on its airport that would derogate the operation of an electronic or visual NAVAID and air traffic control facilities. Also to prevent the interruption of visual and electronic NAVAID signals and for protecting all on-airport navaids against vandalism and theft

Question 35

if a navaid goes down for maintenance when must the notam be put out

Answer 35

must be issued at least 5 hours prior to shutdown or maintenance, in an emergency, at least one-hour shut down is prefered

Question 36

Public protection per part 139.335 means what

Answer 36

certified airports must “provide safeguards to prevent inadvertent entry to the movement area by unauthorized persons or vehicles and reasonable protection of persons and property from aircraft blast” completed by fencing