Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NBDE Pt 2 Flash Cards > Prosth 2 > Flashcards

Prosth 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What muscle attaches to the Mandibular labial frenum? What about maxillary?

A

Orbicularis oris

There is no muscle that attaches to the maxillary labial frenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What muscle attaches to the mandibular buccal frenum? What about maxillary buccal frenum?

A

Orbicularis oris and buccinator

Same for maxillary buccal frenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The lingual frenum of the mandibular arch attaches to what muscle?

A

Genioglossus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The mandibular labial vestibule inferior border is the ___ muscle

A

Mentalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The mandibular buccal vestibule inferior border is the ___ muscle

A

Buccinator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The retromolar pad defines the __ boundary of the endentulous ridge. It is ideally covered for support and retention since the ____ in this area is maintained. It contains attachements from what muscles?

A

Posterior

Integrity of the bone

Temporalis
Buccinator
Superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pterygomandibular raphe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The retromolar pad contains attachments to what 4 muscles?

A

Temporalis

Buccinator

Superior pharyngeal constrictor

Pterygomandibular raphe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the masseteric notch?

A

Not so much an anatomical landmark but a landmark on the impression of the dentures

Refers to the distobuccal area on the impression/denture

Masseter contracts when mouth closes against resistance - so you want the pt to close against resistance during border molding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the alveololingual sulcus located? What shape does it have?

A

Between mandibular alveolar ridge and tongue

It has an “s” shape and 3 regions?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The anterior region of the alveololingual sulcus runs from ___ to ___. The ___ sits above the mylohyoid muscle in this region so the flange is [shorter/taller] anteriorly and should touch the mucosa of floor of the mouth

A

Lingual frenum

Premylohyoid fossa

Sublingual gland

Shorter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The middle region of the alveololingual sulcus goes from ___ to ___

A

Premylohyoid fossa

Distal end of mylohyoid ridge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In the middle region of the alveololingual sulcus, the flange is deflected ___ away from mandible due to…

A

Mesially

Prominence of mylohyoid ridge in this area and contraction of mylohyoid medially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The posterior region of the alveololingual sulcus extends into the ___. Although the mylohyoid attaches __ posteriorly, the posterior fibers are directed more ___ so the denture seats ___ and the lingual flange is [shorter/longer]

A

Retromylohyoid fossa

Higher

Vertically

Deeper

Longer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In the posterior region of the alveololingual sulcus, the flange is directed [medially/laterally] toward the ___ to form the typical S-form of lingual sulcus.

A

Laterally

Ramus of mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The denture extension in the posterior region of the alveololingual sulcus is limited by what two muscles?

A

Palatoglossus

Superior constrictor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The buccal shelf is located ___ to the ___. It lies ___ to occlusal forces and provides ___ for the denture. The __ muscle attaches here.

A

Lateral

Posterior mandibular alveolar ridge

Perpendicular

Support

Buccinator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

List the order of frenectomies from most common to least common

A

Labial > buccal > lingual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

True or false…. free gingival graft is sometimes necessary for some overdenture teeth

A

True, it widens the band of keratinized tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A hyper mobile ridge is a flabby edentulous ridge that are most commonly seen in which location?

A

Anterior maxilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name some treatment options to treat a hypermobile ridge

A

Tissue conditioner (if tissue is inflamed)

May use electrosurgery or laser surgery to eliminate tissue if conditioner is ineffective - but this can also eliminate the vestibule

Use large relief in tray or perforate a custom tray when taking impression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is an epulis fissuratum?

A

Hyperplastic tissue reaction caused by an i’ll-fitting or overextended flange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the treatment for an epulis fissuratum?

A

Treat with tissue conditioner and by adjusting the flange

May use surgery if there is an inadequate response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A fibrous (pendulous) tuberosity is common when ____ touch ____. This can interfere with ____. How is this corrected?

A

Large tuberosities touch retromolar pads

Denture construction by limiting interarch space

Surgical excision of fibrous tissue and/or bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Papillary hyperplasia = multiple papillary projections of ___ caused by local irritation, i’ll-fitting denture, poor oral hygiene, and leaving dentures in all the time. ___ is the main cause. How do you treat this?

A

Palate

Candidiasis

Treat with OHI, leave dentures out at night, soak dentures in 1% bleach and rinse thoroughly, use tissue conditioner, and brush irritated area lightly with soft brush

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Combination syndrome is a specific pattern of ___ in the ____ when it is opposing ___ only

A

Bone resorption

Anterior edentulous maxilla

Mandibular anterior teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Describe what combination syndrome looks like

A

Overgrowth of tuberosities

Papillary hyperplasia

Extrusion of lower anterior teeth

Loss of bone under the partial denture bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

True or false… residual root tips may be left alone if they have an intact lamina dura and no radiolucency

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Alveoloplasty is surgical reshaping of alveolar bone. It is useful for __, __, or ___.

A

Sharp, spiny, or extremely irregular ridges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

When are tori removed for dentures?

A

If it creates an undercut or interferes with posterior palatal seal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the purpose of a vestibuloplasty?

A

Increase the relative height of the alveolar process to increase denture base area by apically repositioning the alveolar mucosa and the buccinator, mentalis, and mylohyoid muscles as they insert into the mandible

Lingual vestibuloplasty is more traumatic and rarely indicated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Bone augmentation of edentulous ridges can be done to increase area for denture seat. Bone grafts can include ___ and ___ as well as ___. Which is more common, horizontal or vertical bone augmentation?

A

Iliac crest of hip

Rib

Hydroxyapatite-biocompatible bone substitute

Horizontal > vertical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is another name for labiodental sounds? What kinds of sounds do they include?

A

Fricative

F, V, Ph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Fricative/ labiodental sounds are produced by contact between ___ and ____. Testing for fricative sounds help determine what positioning?

A

Maxillary incisors

Wet/dry line of lower lip

Helps determine the position of incisal edges of maxillary anterior teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is another name for linguoalveolar sounds? What types of sounds do they include?

A

Sibilant

S, Z, Sh, Ch, J

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Sibilant (linguoalveolar) sounds are produced by contact between ___ and the ____

A

Tip of tongue

Anterior palate or lingual surface of the teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Sibilant sounds help determine the correct ___ and ___

A

Vertical length

Overlap of anterior teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What does it mean if the patient makes a whistling sound when trying to produce sibilant sounds?

A

Too narrow arch form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What does it mean when the patient makes a lisp where “s” becomes “sh” when trying to produce sibilant sounds.

A

Too wide arch form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Define closest speaking space

A

You want to evaluate vertical dimension during pronunciation of “s” sound, the inter incisal separation should be 1-1.5mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What are linguodental sounds?

It is made by contact between ___ and ___

A

“Th”

Tip of tongue and upper and lower teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Having the patient produce linguodental sounds “th” helps determine the position of…

A

Helps determine labiolingual position of anterior teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

When the patient is producing linguodental sounds, what does it mean when the tongue is not visible? What does it mean if the tongue sticks out?

A

Tongue is not visible = teeth are set too far forward

Tongue sticks out = teeth are set too far back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What sounds are bilabial sounds?

It is made by…

A

“B” “p” “m”

Contact between both lips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Insufficient lip support by the teeth or labial flange can affect the production of ___ sounds

A

Bilabial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What are guttural sounds?

A

“G” and “k”

Produced by contact between back of tongue and throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is VDR?

A

Vertical dimension of rest

It is the distance between nose and chin at rest

Where elevator and depressor muscles are in a state of equilibrium (PRP = physiologic rest position)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

In VDR, there is usually __mm of space between upper and lower premolars

A

3mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is VDO?

A

Vertical dimension of occlusion

It is the distance between nose and chin when biting together

Indicates superior-inferior relationship of the maxilla and the mandible when the teeth are occluded in MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What is interocclusal space?

A

Difference between VDR and VDO (ideally 2-4mm)

VDR = VDO +3mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

VDR = VDO + ___

A

3mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Excessive VDO means the interocclusal space is < ___mm. Some symptoms are… excessive display of ___ teeth. ____ fatigue. Clicking of the ____ when speaking. ___ appearance of the lips. Pt unable to wear dentures. Discomfort. Excessive ___ to supporting tissues. Gagging.

A

2mm

Mandibular

Muscles of mastication**

Posterior

Strained

Trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Name some symptoms of excessive VDO.

A

Excessive display of mandibular teeth

Muscles of mastication fatigue

Clicking of posterior teeth when speaking

Strained appearances of the lips

Patient unable to wear dentures

Discomfort

Excessive trauma to supporting tissues

Gagging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Insufficient VDO is when the interocclusal space is >___mm. Name 3 symptoms

A

4mm

Aging appearance of lower third of face because o thin lips, wrinkles, chin too near the nose, overlapping of corners of the mouth

Diminished occlusal force

Angular cheilitis***

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Obtaining the CR record for an edentulous patient provides the ability to increase or decrease the ___ more accurately in the articulator by establishing a radius of the ____

A

VDO

Mandible’s arc of closure

Facebow transfers the relationship between the hinge axis of maxilla from the patient to the articulator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

The protrusive record registers the ____ in the translation movement of the condyles

A

Anterior-inferior condyle path

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What is Christensen’s phenomenon?

A

Refers to the distal space created between the maxillary and mandibular occlusal surfaces when the mandible is protruded, due to downward and forward movement of condyles down their articular eminences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Define camper’s line

A

Imaginary line from ala of nose to tragic of ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Define interpupillary line =

A

Imaginary line between pupils of the eyes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

The maxillary occlusal wax rim should be parallel to ___ and ___ which can be measured with a ____

A

Camper’s line

Interpupillary line

Fox plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

define balanced occlusion for complete dentures

A

Simultaneous anterior and bilateral posterior contacts (tripodization) in centric and eccentric movements to maintain seating of dentures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

True or false… it is ideal to have Christensen’s phenomenon with dentures

A

False.. you want balanced occlusion (tripodization) so the dentures maintain seating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

True or false… anterior guidance should be avoided in complete denture occlusion to prevent dislogment of denture bases

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

In balanced occlusion, on the balancing side, maxillary lingual cusps contact __ of ___. On the working side, maxillary lingual cusps contact ___ of ___ AND mandibular buccal cusps contact ___ of ___

A

Lingual incline of mandibular buccal cusps

Facial incline of mandibular lingual cusps

Lingual incline of maxillary buccal cusps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Define linguallized occlusion (sometimes used in denture fabrication)

A

Where only the palatal cusps of the maxillary posterior teeth contact the mandibular posterior teeth theoretically eliminating the destabilizing buccal force vectors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Define Bennett angle

Define Bennett shift

Define Bennett movement

A

Bennet angle = angle obtained after nonworking side condyl has moved anteriorly and medially relative to Sagittal plane (15 degrees)

Bennet shift = lateral movement of mandible toward the working side during lateral excursions

Bennett = lateral movement of both condyles toward the working side, magically “TMJ losseness”

66
Q

True or false…. for posterior teeth disclusion, you want posterior teeth with short cusps and shallow inclines

A

True. Because they have less room to be interfered with and can disclude easier

67
Q

Name two compensating curves

A

Curve of spee

Curve of Wilson

68
Q

True or false… for best disclusion of posterior teeth, you want less curve of spee and less curve of Wilson

A

True

69
Q

Define curve of spee

A

Anterior posterior curve to ensure loading into long axis of each tooth

More mesial inclination as you move distally

70
Q

Define curve of Wilson

A

Mediolateral curve along posterior cusp tips to ensure loading into long axis of each tooth

More lingual inclination as you move distally

71
Q

If you want more disclusion, you want the orientation of the occlusal plane to be [more/less] parallel to the orientation of the condylar path

A

Less

72
Q

Define support

A

Resistance to vertical seating forces

73
Q

What structures in the maxilla provide the most support?

A

Palate

Alveolar ridge

74
Q

What structures in the mandible provide the most support?

A

Buccal shelf***

Retromolar pad

75
Q

What component of the denture is involved in support

A

Denture base

76
Q

Define stability

A

Resistance to horizontal dislodging forces

77
Q

What components of upper and lower arches provide stability?

A

Ridge height

Depth of vestibule

78
Q

What part of the denture provides stability?

A

Denture flange

79
Q

Define retention

A

Resistance to vertical dislodging forces

80
Q

What component provides the most retention?

A

Peripheral seal

81
Q

Which provides better retention, thick and ropy saliva or thin watery saliva?

A

Thin watery saliva

82
Q

Define overextension

A

Denture flange is too long - The patient would get a sore spot or ulcer after wearing the denture for a while

Or denture extends too far back - denture teeth are set so far back that they go up on the ramus. Occlusal forces dislodge the denture

83
Q

What is the treatment for a sore spot created by overextension of flange?

A

Relieve denture and re-evaluate in a few weeks

84
Q

What are the two main side effects of overextending a denture?

A

Sore spots

Dislodging

85
Q

What happens when the denture is underextneded?

A

Lacks retention

86
Q

What is the best indicator for success of a denture?

A

The ridge

A wide broad ridge is the best scenario (square like)

87
Q

The acrylic used in dentures are ___-cured. The polymer is in __ form. It is called ___. The monomer is in ___ form. It is called ___.

A

Heat-cured

Powder

PMMA

Liquid

MMA

88
Q

The liquid component of acrylic contains what four components?

A

Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) = monomer

Hydroquinone = inhibitor

Glycol dimethacrylate = cross-linking agent

Dimethyl-p-toluidine = activator

89
Q

The liquid of acrylic contains the monomer, inhibitor, cross-linking agent, and activator. Name each of these.

A

Monomer = MMA

Inhibitor = hydroquinone

Cross-linking agent = glycol dimethacrylate

Activator = dimethyl-p-toluidine

90
Q

The powder of acrylic contains what 3 things?

A

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) = polymer

Benzoyl peroxide = initiator

Salts of iron, cadmium, or organic dyes = pigment

91
Q

The powder of acrylic contains, polymer, initiator, and pigment. What are each of these things?

A

Polymer = PMMA

Initiator = benzoyl peroxide

Pigment = salts of iron, cadmium, or organic dyes

92
Q

The activator in the liquid, ____, breaks ____ in the powder, into its radical form

A

Dimethyltoludine

Benzoyl peroxide

93
Q

Shrinkage always occurs in denture processing. But more shrinkage occurs if there is excessive ___

A

Monomer

94
Q

What is the ideal ratio of monomer to polymer?

A

1:3

95
Q

Porosity in denture processing is due to what two things?

A

Underpacking with resin at time of processing

Or

Being heated too rapidly***

96
Q

Porosities in dentures have what two negative outcomes?

A

Less durable

More plaque accumulation

97
Q

What are the two main types of denture teeth?

A

Acrylic

Porcelain

98
Q

What is the main advantage of acrylic denture teeth?

A

Better retention because they can bond to acrylic resin of denture base

99
Q

What is the main advantage of porcelain denture teeth?

A

More esthetic because it is stain and wear resistant

100
Q

What are 3 drawback to porcelain denture teeth?

A

Brittle

May wear opposing teeth

Mechanical retention must be achieved to keep teeth in place

101
Q

With porcelain denture teeth, anterior teeth are retained via ___ and posterior teeth are retained via ___

A

Pins

Diatorics

102
Q

Define Kennedy class 1

A

Bilateral distal extension

103
Q

Define Kennedy class 2

A

Unilateral distal extension

104
Q

Define Kennedy class 3

A

Unilateral bounded edentulous space

105
Q

Define Kennedy class 4

A

Bilateral bounded edentulous space (which means it crosses the midline)

106
Q

What is applegate’s rule #1?

A

Kennedy classificaiton should be assigned AFTER any extractions

107
Q

What is Applegate’s 2nd rule?

A

Missing third molars are not considered

108
Q

What is Applegate’s 3rd rule?

A

Abutment third molars are considered

109
Q

What is Applegate’s 4th rule?

A

Missing second molars are not considered

110
Q

What is Applegate’s 5th rule? (Probably the most important) what is the 6th rule?

A

The most posterior edentulous area determines the Kennedy classification

Other edentulous areas are referred to as modifications

111
Q

What is Applegate’s 7th rule?

A

Extent of modification does not matter, only the number

112
Q

What is applegate’s 8th rule?

A

Kennedy class 4 cannot have any modifications, by definition

113
Q

The major connector of an RPD provides ___. It units all other components. It is not placed on ___

A

Rigidity***

Movable tissue

114
Q

What is the primary function of a major connector in an RPD?

A

Provides rigidity

115
Q

What is the most rigid type of maxillary major connector? When is it indicated?

A

Complete palatal plate

Indicated when all posterior teeth are missing bilaterally, periodontally compromised teeth, shallow vault, small mouth, flat or flabby ridges.

116
Q

What type of maxillary major connector is the least rigid design. When is the only time you should use this?

A

Horseshoe

Only used if large palatal torus is present

117
Q

In a palatal strap major connector design, it should cross at the midline at a __ angle

A

90 degree

Same thing applies for all major connectors

118
Q

What is beading?

A

Exclusive for maxillary major connector

Involves scribing a 0.5mm rounded groove in the cast at the borders of the major connector

This adds strength and maintains tissue contact to prevent food impaction, allows for firmer tissue contact

119
Q

What is the simplest and most common mandibular major connector? It is preferred when the depth of the lingual vestibule is greater than or equal to 7mm

A

Lingual bar

120
Q

A lingual bar mandibular major connector should be used when the depth of the lingual vestibule is equal to or greater than ___mm

A

7mm (measured from gingival margin to wherever the lingual frenum starts)

121
Q

When is the lingual plat mandibular major connector used?

A

When depth of lingual vestibule is < 7mm

Additional tooth loss is anticipated

Lingual tori are present

All posterior teeth are missing bilaterally (only canine -canine are present)

122
Q

When is labial bar (swing lock) mandibular major connector used?

A

When there is a missing canine

Unfavorable soft tissue contour

Questionable periodontal prognosis

123
Q

Define minor connectors

A

Connects major connector to rests, indirect retainers, and clasps

124
Q

Define RPD rests

A

Rigid extension of an RPD framework that contacts the occlusal, lingual, or incisal surface of an abutment tooth

Directs forces through long axis = support*

125
Q

What is the differnce between a rest and a rest seat?

A

A rest is an extension of an RPD framework

A rest seat is prepared into the occlusal, lingual, or incisal surface of an abutment tooth in order to receive and support a rest

126
Q

What is the correct shape of an occlusal rest?

A

Rounded, semicircular outline form (spoon shaped)

One-third MD width of tooth

One-half intercuspal width

1.5mm deep for base metal

Angle formed with vertical minor connector is <90degrees.

127
Q

An occlusal rest is ___ the MD width. It is ___ the intercuspal width. It is made ___ deep for base metal. The floor should incline apically towards the ____. The angle formed with vertical minor connector is ___ degrees.

A

1/3rd

1/2

1.5mm

Center

<90

128
Q

A cingulum rest has what shape?

A

Inverted V or U

129
Q

A cingulum rest should be __ in MD length, and ___ in labiolingual width. It should be ___ deep.

A

2.5 - 3mm

2mm

1.5mm

130
Q

Cingulum rests are contraindicated in ___ teeth

A

Mandibular incisors

131
Q

What are the benefits of a cingulum rest?

A

Good distribution of occlusal load, esthetics, strength from closeness to major connector

132
Q

What is the shape of an incisal rest? It should be ___ in MD length. It should be ___ deep. It can be used as an ____. It is less favorable because…

A

Rounded notch at incisal angle

  1. 5mm
  2. 5mm

Indirect retainer

Less favorable leverage than lingual rest. Not often used because of esthetic compromise

133
Q

What is the proximal plate?

A

Metal plate that contacts the proximal surfaces of abutment teeth (guide planes)

134
Q

What are guide planes?

A

Flat parallel surfaces of abutment teeth that provide path of insertion and removal

135
Q

Guide planes should be ___ the BL width. It extends ___ vertically down from the marginal ridge.

A

1/3

2-3mm

136
Q

When are indirect retainers used?

A

When a distal extension area of a partial is “loose” and not anchored posteriorly

This is because there is rotational movement centered around an imaginary line drawn through the most distal rests

137
Q

An indirect retainer should be placed directly ___ and ___ to the fulcrum line which provides bracing to resist rotational movement of distal extension area

A

Perpendicular

Anterior

138
Q

A direct retainer is also called a ___. It is made up of what 3 components?

A

Clasp assembly

Rest
Minor connector
Clasp arms

139
Q

What do the components of a direct retainer (clas assembly) provide?

A

Rest = support

Minor connector = stability

Clasp arms….
Retentive clasp arm = retention
Reciprocal clasp arm = stability

140
Q

What are the two types of direct retainers?

A

Extracoronal (more common, conventional “clasp” design.

Intracoronal (a precision attachment with key and key way pattern. More esthetic because no clasps)

141
Q

Clasps should encircle a tooth at least ____ degrees.

A

180

142
Q

The retentive clasp originates from ___ and ___. It contacts tooth ___ the height of contour/survey line

A

Minor connector

Rest

Below

143
Q

The shoulder and middle of the retentive clasp should be ___, only the tip should be ___

A

Above the height of contour

Below the height of contour

144
Q

The tip of the retentive clasp is designed to engage in the ___ and resist ___ forces - only active when dislodging forces are applied to them, otherwise they should seat ____

A

Undercut

Dislodging

Passively

145
Q

The retentive clasp is generally located on the __ surface

A

Buccal

146
Q

The reciprocal clasp (AKA ___) originates from minor connector and rest. It contacts the tooth ____. It functions to…

A

Stabilizing clasp

Above the height of contour (survey line) only

Braces abutment tooth so it is not torqued by retentive clasp

147
Q

What is the suprabulge clasp design?

What is the infrabulge clasp design?

A

Originates above the survey line

Originates below survey line

148
Q

Name 4 suprabulge clasp designs

A

Circumferential (Akers)

Ring

Combination

Embrasure

149
Q

Name 4 types of infrabulge clasp designs

A

I bar

T bar

Bar type

Y type

150
Q

When is the ring clasp used?

A

When the undercut is adjacent to the bounded edentulous space

151
Q

What is an embrasure clasp?

A

Essentially a pair of Akers clasps facing away from each other (both teeth need rest preps)

152
Q

Why don’t we use I bar on everything?

A

You need to have sufficient vestibular depth and you can’t have a soft tissue undercut.

153
Q

What is the RPI clasp assembly? What is it used for?

A

Rest

Proximal plate

I bar

(Ideal for class 2 lever system)

154
Q

What is the RPA clasp assembly?

A

Rest

Proximal plate

Akers clasp

155
Q

What is the RPC clasp assembly?

A

Rest

Proximal plate

Circumferential clasp

156
Q

____ is used for periodontally compromised and endo-treated teeth. Why?

A

Wrought wire

It puts less torque on teeth

157
Q

For bounded edentulosu spaces, use ___ with rest seats located ___ to edentulous space

A

Akers clasps

Adjacent

158
Q

For distal extension use __, ___, and __ in order of preference

A

RPI

RPA

Wrought wire

159
Q

Cobalt-chromium has ___% shrinkage which causes some irregularity and porosity, but its very strong.

A

2.3%

160
Q

What is cold-working?

A

Involves manipulating the metal while at ambient temperature

Clasp assembly is cold-worked everytime it is seated and dislodged

Main reason why clasps break***

161
Q

What is the main reason why clasps on an RPD break?

A

Cold-working (taking the RPD in and out)

NBDE Pt 2 Flash Cards (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions