Prostate Disease

Question 1

what are the two things commonly seen in prostate?

Answer 1

glands and stroma

Question 2

what are the two cell types of prostate glands?

Answer 2

basal cells and luminal cells

Question 3

what zone of prostate do carcinomas mainly arise?

Answer 3

peripheral

Question 4

what zone of prostate does BPH arise in?

Answer 4

transitional zone

Question 5

what molecule induces growth of the prostate?

Answer 5

DHT

Question 6

what is change in prostate tissue in BPH?

Answer 6

increase in prostate stromal and epithelial tissue

Question 7

what is seen grossly in BPH?

Answer 7

nodules on the prostate

Question 8

what happens to muscular tone of prostate in BPH?

Answer 8

increase smooth muscle tone and increase restriction of urine flow

Question 9

what is surgical option for BPH?

Answer 9

transurethral resection of the prostate

Question 10

what are the four classes of prostatitis?

Answer 10

acute bacterial
chronic bacterial
chronic non bacterial
asymptomatic inflammatory

Question 11

what bugs are in charge of bacterial prostatitis?

Answer 11

gram negative rods like klebsiella proteus and pseudomonas

Question 12

what cells are seen in acute prostatitis?

Answer 12

neutrophils

Question 13

what is presentation of acute prostatitis?

Answer 13

fever/chills
pelvic pain
dysuria frequency

Question 14

how does prostate feel in acute prostatitis?

Answer 14

tender and enlarged…boggy

Question 15

what do you need to be careful about in acute prostattis?

Answer 15

dont want to massage prostate because increase risk of spread

Question 16

how to diagnose acute prostatitis?

Answer 16

voided urine culture

Question 17

what is rx for acute prostatitis?

Answer 17

abx

Question 18

how does chronic bacterial prostatitis occur?

Answer 18

bladder is reservoir of bacteria and they grow and cause recurrence of symptoms

Question 19

how does chronic bacterial prostatitis present?

Answer 19

usually no fever or chills but will have urinary symptoms like dysuria and urgency

Question 20

how do you diagnose chronic bacterial prostatitis?

Answer 20

post massage urine culture

Question 21

what is rx for chronic bacterial prostatitis?

Answer 21

4-6 wk course of abx

Question 22

what cell is there in chronic bacterial prostatitis?

Answer 22

lymphocytes

Question 23

what is most common form of prostatitis?

Answer 23

non bacterial prostatitis

Question 24

what is presentation of non bacterial prostatitis?

Answer 24

pelvic pain with voiding dysfxn and sexual dysfxn

Question 25

what is diagnostic test for non bacterial prostatitis?

Answer 25

4-glass test

Question 26

what is screening test for prostate cancer?

Answer 26

PSA

Question 27

what are four worrisome characteristics of prostate for cancer?

Answer 27

nodular
firm
loss of borders laterally
fixated to pelvic wall

Question 28

if PSA is high…what is done?

Answer 28

TRUS

Question 29

what is a TRUS?

Answer 29

transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy

Question 30

what type of cancer is prostate cancer?

Answer 30

almost always an adenocarcinoma

Question 31

what do glands of prostate cancer not have?

Answer 31

basal cells

Question 32

how do glands in prostate cancer compare to normal prostate glands?

Answer 32

smaller and more compact with no basal cells

Question 33

what is the grading scale for prostate cancer?

Answer 33

gleason score

Question 34

what is range of gleason scores?

Answer 34

1-5

Question 35

what are rx options for localized prostate cancer?

Answer 35

radiation
watchful waiting
prostatectomy

Question 36

what are two common side effects of prostatectomy?

Answer 36

incontinence and impotence

Question 37

what are the two most common metastatic locations for prostate cancer?

Answer 37

bone and lymph nodes