Propranolol 1 Flashcards
What is the therapeutic class of Propranolol?
Beta blocker
What is Propranolol used for?
An antihypertensive
Propranolol is made from………
1- Naphthol
A few statistics about Propranolol
Patented in 1962
First clinically successful beta-blocker
43rd most prescribed medication in US in 2016 (18 million prescriptions)
In UK, role of beta-blockers downgraded to fourth-line treatment in 2006
Indication of Propranolol
Hypertension - Irregular heart rate / abnormal heart rhythms
Myocardial infarction (prevent further heart problems after heart attack)
Angina (chest pain)
Essential tremors (involuntary rhythmic contractions / twitching of muscles)
Migraines
Thyrotoxicosis (too much thyroid hormone)
Anxiety (performance anxiety and other fears)
PTSD (stress-related symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder; early testing)
Flight or fight response MOA
Adrenaline and Noradrenaline (neurotransmitters) bind to alpha- and- beta-adrenergic receptors (adrenoreceptors), activating them to cause…
Increase blood flow to muscles
Increased heart rate
Increased blood-glucose level
Increased alertness
State how Propranolol causes Migraine Relief
Migraine relief is caused by propranolol being a weak antagonist of serotonin receptors
Activation of different beta-adrenergic receptors generates a different response. True or False?
True
Activation of beta 1 subtype by Adrenaline/noradrenaline cause……
Increase in heart rate and muscle contraction
Activation of Beta 2 subtype by Adrenalin or Noradrenalin cause?
Increase in muscle contraction, respiration and blood glucose
Activation of Beta 3 subtype by Adrenaline/noradrenalin cause?
Increased lipolysis ( by using stored energy)
Propranolol is ………..
A non-selective beta-blocker / non-beta specific (beta-blockers generally can be specific or non-specific)
What are beta-blockers?
Beta-receptor antagonists…
i.e., they inhibit the normal adrenaline- and noradrenaline-mediated sympathetic nervous system actions)
