Metformin 4 Flashcards
State the physical properties of Metformin?
White crystals
Melting point: 218 – 220 degrees celsius
Soluble in water and ethanol; insoluble in acetone, ether, and chloroform
When heated, emits toxic fumes of nitric oxides
metformin dosage as a monotherapy
Film-coated tablets for oral administration:
Monotherapy
500 mg or 850 mg
Best taken with or just after food/a meal
Metformin standard dosing regimen
Initially, 500 mg with breakfast (OD) for 1 week
Then 500 mg with breakfast and evening meal (BD) for 1 week
Then 500 mg with breakfast, lunch, and evening meal (TDS)
Possibly going on to 2 x 500 mg breakfast, 2 x 500 mg evening meal (BD) = max. 2 g daily dose
What is the maximum daily dose of metformin?
2g/day
State the strength of a cheap and standard metformin tablet
850mg or 500mg
Reason for coating metformin tablet?
To increase compliance associated with the metallic taste
Why do certain patients take oral solutions (500 mg/mL) Oral powders (500 or 1000 mg/sachet
For people with difficulties swallowing tablets
Why Slow/extended-release tablets (500 – 1000 mg; Glucophage SR) is prescribed?
To avoid gastrointestinal (GI side-effects)
Reason for combined therapy tablets
When monotherapy is not sufficient for control or reduce pill burden/increase compliance
Sodium starch glycollate is a core metformin excipient used as ?
A disintegrant
Maize starch is used as?
A filler and disintegrant
What is the purpose of Povidone?
A binder
colloidal anhydrous silica is used as?
An anti-caking agent
what is magnesium stearate used for?
A lubricant to avoid sticking and binding in the tableting process
Methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose is a film coating polymer used as?
A film-forming polymer that can control drug delivery rate
