Pronouns Flashcards
Subject pronouns?
(I, you, he/it, she/it, one/they/people/we, we, you, they, they
je, tu, il, elle, on, nous, vous, ils, elles
Direct object pronouns?
Me, you,it, him, her, us, you,them
Me, te, le, la, l’, nous, vous, les
Le can also be used to replace a complete idea:
Croyez-vous qu’il arrive ce soir? Oui, je le crois. = Yes, I think so.
For people
Indirect object pronouns
to me, to you,to him, to her, to us, to you, to them
me, te, lui, lui, nous, vous, leur
For things
Indirect pronoun ‘to what?’ ‘where?’
To replace a complement of place and
With verbs construed with à
y
For things
Indirect pronoun ‘of what?’ or quantity and
With verbs construed with ‘de’
en
replaces prepositional phrases introduced by ‘de’
Possessive pronouns
mine, yours, his/hers/its, ours, yours, theirs
le mien/les miens/la mienne/les miennes le tien/les tiens/la tienne/les tiennes le sien/les siens/la sienne/les siennes le nôtre/les nôtres/la nôtre/les nôtres le vôtre/les vôtres/la vôtre/les vôtres le leur/les leurs/la leur/les leurs
Relative pronoun - subject
who, which, that
qui
Relative pronoun - direct object
whom, which, that
que
What, that which (subject)
Ce qui
What, that which (object)
Ce que
Direct and indirect object pronouns.
me, you, us you
me, te, nous, vous
Direct: Il me voit. He sees me.
Indirect: il me parle. He speaks to me.
Reflexive verb pronouns?
me, te, se, nois, vous, se
Tonic pronouns?
Pronouns used aftr a preposition eg avec, pour
me, you, him, her, one, us, you, them, them
moi, toi, lui, elle, soi, nous, vous, eux, elles
Used for emphasis, always refer to a person.
Simple relative pronouns
Subject
Object
Complent of place or time
Indirect complement introduced by ‘de’
qui
que
où
dont
I’ll never forget you.
Je ne t’oublierai jamais.
That gets him used to working on his own.
Ça l’habitue à travailler seul.
He isn’t there. I know that.
Il n’est pas là. Je le sais bien.
Help me if you can.
Aidez-moi si vous le pouvez.
She’ll come tomorrow. I hope so.
Elle viendra demain. Je l’espère bien.
Can you see them?
Les voyez-vous?
She doesn’t know us.
Elle ne nous connaît pas.
Don’t you like them?
Est-ce que tu ne les aimes pas?
Don’t make me laugh.
Ne me faîtes pas rire.
May I help you?
Puis-je vous aider?
Follow us.
Suivez-nous.
You gave me this book.
Tu m’as donné ce livre.
They hid the facts from you.
Ils t’ont caché les faits.
I’m writing to Suzanne. I’m writing to her.
J’écris à Suzanne. Je lui écris.
Give the cat some milk. Give it some milk.
Donne du lait au chat. Donne-lui du lait.
A thief snatched my purse from me.
Un voleur m’a arraché mon porte-monnaie.
arracher qch à qn
He promised them a present.
Il leur a promis un cadeau.
promettre qch á qn
She had asked us to come back.
Elle nous avait demandé de revenir.
demander à qn de faire
She’s written to you. Has she written to you?
Elle vous a écrit. Vous a-t-elle écrit?
He doesn’t speak to us.
Il ne nous parle pas.
Doesn’t it interest you?
Est-ce que cela ne vous intéresse pas?
Don’t answer them.
Ne leur répondez pas.
Do you want to send them the address?
Voulez-vous leur envoyer l’adresse?
Answer me.
Répondez-moi.
Tell us the answer.
Donnez-nous la réponse.
Demonstrative pronouns.
Masc: celui (the one), ceux (the ones)
Fem: celle (the one), celles (the ones)
Masc: celui-ci (this one), ceux-ci (these ones)
Fem: celle-ci (this one), celles-ci (these ones)
Masc: celui-là (that one), ceux-là (those ones)
Fem: celle-là (that one), celles-là (those ones)
Demonstrative pronouns.
Masc: celui (the one), ceux (the ones)
Fem: celle (the one), celles (the ones)
Masc: celui-ci (this one), ceux-ci (these ones)
Fem: celle-ci (this one), celles-ci (these ones)
Masc: celui-là (that one), ceux-là (those ones)
Fem: celle-là (that one), celles-là (those ones)
Which man? The one who’s talking to Anne.
Lequel? Celui qui parle à Anne.
Which dress do you want? The one which is in the window.
Quelle robe désirez-vous? Celle qui est en vitrine.
Are these the books that he gave you?
Est-ce que ces livres sont ceux qu’il t’a donnés?
Which girls? The ones we saw yesterday.
Quelles filles? Celles que nous avons vues hier.
This article isn’t the one you spoke to me about.
Cet article n’est pas celui dont vous m’avez parlé.
Indefinite demonstrative pronouns: Ce, Ceci, Cela, Ça
- can refer to something abstract, like an idea or a situation, or to something indicated but unnamed (as opposed to celui, celle, ceux, celles which refer to a previously-mentioned noun in a sentence)
Ce - ‘this’ or ‘it’, used with être
Ceci and cela are used as the subject of all other verbs
Ça - the informal replacement for both cela and ceci.
Indefinite demonstrative pronouns: Ce, Ceci, Cela, Ça
- can refer to something abstract, like an idea or a situation, or to something indicated but unnamed (as opposed to celui, celle, ceux, celles which refer to a previously-mentioned noun in a sentence)
Ce - ‘this’ or ‘it’, used with être
Ceci and cela are used as the subject of all other verbs
Ça - the informal replacement for both cela and ceci.
Ce - this, it or that. Used with être.
C’est une bonne idée !
C’est difficile à faire.
That’s a good idea!
It’s hard to do.
‘Ce’ is used with être but may also be followed by devoir or pouvoir + être.
Ce doit être un bon restaurant.
Ce peut être difficile.
‘Ce’ is used with être but may also be followed by devoir or pouvoir + être.
This must be a good restaurant.
This might be difficult.
Ceci and cela are used as the subject of all verbs other than être, which uses ‘ce’.
Ceci va être facile.
Cela me fait plaisir.
Ceci and cela are used as the subject of all verbs other than être, which uses ‘ce’.
This is going to be easy.
That makes me happy.
Ceci peut nous aider.
Cela doit aller dans la cuisine.
This could help us.
That has to go in the kitchen.
Ceci
is the contraction of ce + ici (this + here), while cela is the contraction of ce + là (this + there).
Ceci is rare in spoken French. Just as là commonly replaces ici in spoken French (Je suis là - I’m here), French speakers tend to use cela
to mean either “this” or “that.” Ceci only really comes into play when one wants to really distinguish between this and that:
Je ne veux pas ceci, je veux cela.
I don’t want this, I want that.
Ceci
is the contraction of ce + ici (this + here), while cela is the contraction of ce + là (this + there).
Ceci is rare in spoken French. Just as là commonly replaces ici in spoken French (Je suis là - I’m here), French speakers tend to use cela
to mean either “this” or “that.” Ceci only really comes into play when one wants to really distinguish between this and that:
Je ne veux pas ceci, je veux cela.
I don’t want this, I want that.
Ça is the informal replacement for both cela and ceci.
Donne-lui ça de ma part.
Ça me fait plaisir.
Ça is the informal replacement for both cela and ceci.
Give him this from me.
That makes me happy.
What’s the difference between ‘dont’ and ‘duquel’? You need ‘dont ‘when the preposition you’re replacing is ‘de’ by itself. You need ‘duquel’ when ‘de’ is part of a prepositional phrase, such as ‘près de’, ‘à côté de’, ‘en face de’, etc.
What’s the difference between ‘dont’ and ‘duquel’? You need ‘dont ‘when the preposition you’re replacing is ‘de’ by itself. You need ‘duquel’ when ‘de’ is part of a prepositional phrase, such as ‘près de’, ‘à côté de’, ‘en face de’, etc.
I’m showing the letter to my father. I’m showing it to him.
Je montre la carte à mon père. Je la lui montre.
I’m putting the letter on the table. I’m putting it there.
Je mets la carte sur la table. Je l’y mets.
Don’t give them to me.
Ne me les donnez pas.
He gave them some.
Il leur en a donné.
They sent it to us.
Ils nous l’ont envoyé.
Give it to me.
Donnez-le-moi.
Sell us some.
Vendez-nous-en.
Find it for me.
Trouvez-le-moi.
Talk to us there.
Parlez-nous-y.
Send it to him.
Envoyez-le-lui.
Go away!
Va-t’en!
