Prokaryotic Cells Flashcards
What is the structure of DNA in prokaryotic cells
The DNA in a prokaryotic cell is one circular double helix piece of DNA that is called a bacterial chromosome.
What are the ribosomes inside a prokaryotic cell
The ribosomes in prokaryotic cells are smaller than in eukaryotic cells.
What type of ribosome is found in prokaryotes
70s
What type of ribosome is found in eukaryotes
80S
What is the cell wall in prokaryotes made out of
It is made up of peptidoglycan
What is the difference between flagella in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
The flagella in prokaryotes don;t have the 9+2 arrangement in eukaryotes, the energy supplied is from chemiosmosis and not from ATP which is where it’s from in eukaryotic cells.
What is the main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles but prokaryotes do not.
How do prokaryotic cells divide in comparison to eukaryotic cells
prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission whereas eukaryotic cells use chromosome separation on a spindle of microtubules to divide.
How is genetic recombination in prokaryotic cells different to eukaryotic cells
There is the transfer of DNA in pill in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes its by meiosis and fusion of gametes.
What are the 5 structures always present in prokaryotes
Plasma membrane, circular DNA (bacterial chromosome), cytoplasm, ribosome, cell wall (made out of peptidoglycan)
What is a mesosome
I folding of plasma membrane, associated with DNA during cell division and helps with the formation of new cell walls.
What is the slime capsule
It is a layer outside of the cell wall providing additional protection.
What is the pili
They are used to attach to other cells or surfaces and are involved in sexual reproduction.
