Mono And Disaccharides

Question 1

What do all carbohydrates contain

Answer 1

The elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 2

What are the chemical elements that lipids contain

Answer 2

C, H, O

Question 3

What chemical elements do proteins contain

Answer 3

C, H, O, N-nitrogen, S-sulfur

Question 4

What chemical elements do nucleic acids contains

Answer 4

C, H, O, N, P-phosphorus

Question 5

What are the two forms of glucose

Answer 5

Beta glucose and alpha glucose

Question 6

What does alpha glucose look like

Answer 6

DRAW IT

Question 7

What does Beta glucose look like

Answer 7

DRAW IT

Question 8

What is the first feature of monosaccharides and why

Answer 8

They are soluble in water because they have a large number of OH groups. So they can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules and as a result are soluble in water.

Question 9

What are hydrophilic molecules

Answer 9

They are molecules that can dissolve in water

Question 10

What is the second feature of monosaccharides

Answer 10

They are sweet tasting sugars

Question 11

What defines a hexose monosaccharide

Answer 11

They have 6 carbon atoms

Question 12

What is a pen tone monosaccharide

Answer 12

They have 5 carbon atoms

Question 13

What is the structure of ribose

Answer 13

DRAW IT

Question 14

What is the structure of deoxyribose

Question 15

What are two other hexose monosaccharides

Answer 15

Fructose and galactose

Question 16

What are disaccharides

Answer 16

Two monosaccharides can react together to form a disaccharide.

Question 17

What disaccharide is formed when two alpha glucose molecules react together

Answer 17

Maltose

Question 18

What is the structure of maltose

Answer 18

DRAW IT

Question 19

What type of reaction is it between two alpha glucose molecules

Answer 19

It is called a condensation reaction as water is also produced

Question 20

What bond is present in maltose

Answer 20

A 1-4 glycosidic bond is present.

Question 21

how do you break a glycosidic bond

Answer 21

You can break a disaccharide bond by adding water this is called a hydrolysis reaction and is normally carried out by enzymes in the cell.

Question 22

What are two other disaccharides

Answer 22

Lactose and sucrose

Question 23

What is lactose made from

Answer 23

A glucose and galactose

Question 24

What is sucrose made from

Answer 24

A glucose and B fructose

Question 25

What happens after a hydrolysis reaction occurs to a disaccharide

Answer 25

The two original monosaccharides are produced.

Question 26

What is a monosaccharide

Answer 26

The new chemical bond that forms between monosaccharides

Question 27

What is a monosaccharide

Answer 27

The new chemical bond that forms between monosaccharides

Question 28

What type of sugar is sucrose

Answer 28

Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar so will yield a negative Benedict’s test result.

Question 29

How can you make sucrose yield a positive Benedict’s test result

Answer 29

If you add hydrochloric acid the water hydrolyses the glycosidic bond producing two monosaccharides that have a positive test result.

Question 30

How can you make sucrose yield a positive Benedict’s test result

Answer 30

If you add hydrochloric acid the water hydrolyses the glycosidic bond producing two monosaccharides that have a positive test result.