Prokaryotes(Translation)

Question 1

What is Initiation ?

Answer 1

Protein synthesis begins with the formation of an initiation complex

Question 2

What type of ribosome the mRNA template ?

Answer 2

30 s ribosome, the mRNA template.

Question 3

How many transcription factors help ribosome assemble correctly ?

Answer 3

Three initiation factors help ribosome assemble correctly ,guanine triphosphate act as an energy source
and special initiator tRNA carrying N-formyl methionine .

Question 4

What does the initiation tRNA interacts ?

Answer 4

The start codon AUG of the mRNA and carries a formylated methionine .Because of this involvement in initiation , F met is inserted at the beginning (N-terminus) for every polypeptide chain synthesised by E.coli.

Question 5

How is this processed in terms of mRNA in E.coli?

Answer 5

In E.coli mRNA a leader sequence upstream of the first AUG codon called shin dalgarno sequence known as ribosomes binding site ineteratcing compleyeaur base [airing with rRNNA molecule .

Question 6

Difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes? In terms of Translation

Answer 6

Initiator tRNA is different speacilised tRNA carrying methionine
Binding to the mRNA at the shine dalgaryc sequence the eukaryotes initiation complex recognizes the 5 cap of the eukaryotes mRNA and then processed in the 5 - 3 direction until the AUG statrt codon .

Question 7

What occurs during Termination ?

Answer 7

When a non -sense codon UAA/UAG/UGA encounter for which there is no complementary tRNA .

At A site , non sense codon recognised by realse factor in pro or eukaryotes results in P site amino acid detach from tRNA releasing the newly made polypeptide .

Small /Large ribosomeal subunits disscoaite from mRNA /each other immediately translation begins

Question 8

Why is the Shine Dalgamo Sequence ? Present in PRO not EUK

Answer 8

Because of the recruitment of ribosome at the 5 cap a the end of the mRNA due to the absence of shine Dalagmo Sequence

Question 9

What is Shine Dalgarno Sequence ?

Answer 9

Is a ribosomal binding site in the bacterial /archaeal messenger RNA

The RNA sequence helps recruit the ribosome to the messenger RNA (mRNA) to initiate protein synthesis by aligning the ribosome with the start codon.