Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic

Question 1

How is the size in Prokaryotes differ to Eukaryotes ?

Answer 1

Eukaryotes : Larger , e.g 10 um + diameter

Prokaryotes : Smaller, e.g., 1 mm diameter

Question 2

What type of Ribosomes do they both have ?

Answer 2

Smaller P - 70 S

Bigger E - 80 s

Question 3

In terms of mRNA processing ?

Answer 3

Prokaryotes - multiple ribosomes entry sites

Eukaryotes - 5 cap and 3 poly ,exon splicing and nuclear export

Question 4

Is the enveloped nucleus present in Prokaryote?

Answer 4

Absent in Prokaryotes but present in Eukaryotes

Question 5

What type of cells division occurs in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes ?

Answer 5

Prokaryotes - Binary Fission

Eukaryotes - Mitosis

Question 6

Internal Membranes ?

Answer 6

Eukaryotes - Minimal mesosome

Prokaryotes - Extensive

Question 7

What about internal double membrane organelle ?

Answer 7

Mitochondria - Eukaryotes and in plants Plastids

Prokaryotes -
Absent

Question 8

What about the Regulation of core processes metabolism ,transcription and translation ?

Answer 8

Prokaryotes - Optimised for efficiency but relatively simple .

Eukaryotes -

More context
dependent regulation complexity

Question 9

What are the genomes ? What about them ?

Answer 9

Prokaryotes
Smaller , compact and mostly protein coding

1 circular chromosome and plasmids , no histones

Eukaryotes

• Larger
• 1 % Protein coding , multiple linear chromosomes with DNA wound around histones

Question 10

What about the cells walls of the Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes ?

Answer 10

Prokaryotes

• Peptidoglycan (bacteria )

Pseudomuerin
(Archaea)

Eukaryotes

None(animals)
Polysaccharide
(Cellulose in plants ; chitin in fungi)