Control of Cell Division and Cell Growth Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the role of Mitogens ?

A

Stimulate Cell division by triggering a wave of g1/S- cdk activity .

Which relives intracellular negative controls that otherwise block progress through cell cycle

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2
Q

What is the role of growth factors ?

A

Stimulate cells growth ( cell mass) by promoting synthesis of proteins /inhibiting proteolysis

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3
Q

What is the role of Survival Factors ?

A

Promote cells survival by suppressing the form of programmed cell death called apoptosis .

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4
Q

What do Extracellaur Proteins acts like ?

A

They act like mitogens to promote cell cycle entry

For an animal cell to proliferate it must receive a stimulatory extracellular signals in the form of mitogen from other cells , neighbours usually

Mitogen overcome intracellular breaking mechanism that block progress through cell cycle

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5
Q

What is one of the example of Mitogen Platelet - Derived growth factor ?

A

They release various factors, stimulate wound healing

Serum , support cells proliferation platelets contain one or more mitogens

PDGF - Stimulates cells division during wound healing stimulate many types of cells such as fibroblasts

Stimulate Cell growth , survival , differentiation or migration depending on the circumstances

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6
Q

What does Epidermal Growth factor ?

A

Acts an epidermal cells but also on many other cells such as epithelial cell as well as non -epethial

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7
Q

What about Insulin like growth factor ?

A

Plays a role in childhood growth , anabolic effects in adults

Receptors named after ligands - Receptor tyrosine kinase and EGF

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8
Q

Can cells enter a specialised non -dividing state ?

A

In the absence of a mitogenic signal to proliferate

Cdk inhibition in G1 is maintained by multiple mechanism

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9
Q

What are some of the cells in G0 state ?

A

Liver cells are in G0 , but can be stimulated to divide if the liver cell is damaged other types include fibroblasts and lymphocytes

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10
Q

How do Mitogens control rate of cell division ?

A

By acting in the G1 phase of the cell cycle

They also release the brakes on CDK activity allowing entry into a new cell cycle

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11
Q

What is the role of Myc ?

A

Thought to promote cell cycle entry by several mechanism , one of which is to increase the expression of genes incoding G1, Cylins ( D -cylins ) thereby increasing G1 - CDK ( Cylin D- Cdk4) activity

Major role - Stimulating he transcript of genes increases cell growth .

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