PROABALITY AND SIG Flashcards
1
Q
if the stats test is not sig the null hypo is accepted
A
- the null hypothesis states there is “no diff” or “no correlation” between the conditions
- the stats test determinds which hypo is true and thus accepts or rejects
2
Q
the null hypothesis is accepted or rejected at a particular lvl
A
- probability is a measure of the likehood that a particular event will occur, where 0 is a stats impossibility and 1 is a stats certainty.
- there are no stats certanties in psychology but there is a sig level - the point a which the null hypo is accepted or rejected.
3
Q
P value
A
- Probability refers to the likelihood of an event occurring. It can be expressed as a number (0.5)
- general psychologists use a probability level of 0.05.
- This means that there is a 5% probability that the results occurred by chance.
4
Q
using tables of critical value
A
- hypothesis one tailed (directional) or two tailed (non directional)
5
Q
The usual level of significant is 0.05%
A
- this means that 5% chance that the result in a particular study sample occurred
- even if there was no real difference in the population
6
Q
TYPE 1 ERRORS
A
- error involves a researcher falsely rejecting the null hypothesis and therefore falsely suggests an experiment has found an effect when it hasn’t
- OCCURS WHEN TOO HIGH E.G 0.05
7
Q
TYPE II (false negative)
A
- error is the opposite, where a researcher falsely accepts the null hypothesis and claims that there has been no effect found in an experiment when there has been.
- OCCURS WHEN THE SIG LVL IS TOO LINEINT
8
Q
what makes each error more likely
A
- a type one is more likely to be made if the sig lvl is too lenient (too high e.g 0.1 or 10%)
- a type 2 error is more likley if the sig lvl is too low (e.g 0.01 or 1%), as potentially sig values may be missed