Principles of Nutrition

Question 1

Who does the average healthy diet apply to

Answer 1

Adults aged 18-55

Question 2

Variation in healthy diet for children

Answer 2

Should have full fat

Question 3

Main sources of vitamins and minerals

Answer 3

Veg, fruit and whole grains

Question 4

Recommended Servings of fruit and veg

Answer 4

5-7

Question 5

Adequacy Def

Answer 5

enough intake of all essential nutrients

Question 6

Dietary Balance Def

Answer 6

Not relying on 1 food type for nutrients

Question 7

Energy Control Def.

Answer 7

Not over/under eating

Question 8

Being physically active def.

Answer 8

Having an elevated heart rate for 30-60 mins a day

Question 9

Energy Yielding Nutrients Outline

Answer 9

Macronutrients (mg portions daily). Carbohydrates, lipids and proteins

Question 10

Energy Regulating Nutrients Outline

Answer 10

Micronutrients (microgram portions daily). Vitamins and minerals (organic)

Question 11

Essential Amino Acids Def

Answer 11

Can’t be made in body. Need to intaken in diet

Question 12

Non-essential Amino Acids Def

Answer 12

Synthesised in body from essential amino acids

Question 13

Conditionally Essential Amino Acids

Answer 13

Can’t be made in body but only need to be present in body in specific situations. Eg Arginine for optimal child growth

Question 14

Vitamins Outline

Answer 14

Organic, not synthesised in body. Deficiency results in disease. 2 Types (water and fat soluble)

Question 15

Unit of Nutrition Energy

Answer 15

Kilocalorie (kcal) or kilojoule (KJ). 1 KJ = 0.24 kcal. A KJ is the amount of energy neede to increase the temp of 1 kg of water by 1 degree C

Question 16

Carbohydrate Energy Yield

Answer 16

4 kcal/g

Question 17

Protein Energy Yield

Answer 17

4 kcal/g

Question 18

Fat energy yield

Answer 18

9 kcal/g

Question 19

Alcohol Energy Yield

Answer 19

7 kcal/g

Question 20

Basal/Resting Metabolic Rate Def.

Answer 20

Amount of energy consumed by a person at rest while awake, in a thermo-neutral enviroument, 12 hours after their last meal. Min amount of energy required to carry out normal body functions

Question 21

Instances of higher basal metabolic rate

Answer 21

males, children and people with hyperthyroidism and fever patients

Question 22

Instances of lower basal metabolic rate

Answer 22

females, older people, hypothyroidism and individuals in periods of starvation (inefficient calorie intake)