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Cellular Basis of Life > Cell Intro. > Flashcards

Cell Intro. Flashcards

1
Q

Biological Organisation List (Size Increasing)

A

Atom, Molecule, Macromolecule, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism, Population, Ecosystem, Biosphere

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2
Q

Cell Def.

A

Basic unit of all plants and animals. Make up[ all tissues of the body

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3
Q

Cell Formation Desc.

A

From pre-existing cells by mitosis/meiosis

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4
Q

Cell Formation Function

A

Growth and repair

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5
Q

Cytoplasm Makeup + Location

A

Viscous, aqueous solution crisscrossed by cytoskeleton fibers. Found between cell membrane and nucleus

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6
Q

Cytosol Def.

A

Cytoplasm without organelles

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7
Q

Cytoplasm Function

A

Supports organelles and cellular molecules, transports material in cell (eg hormones), dissolves cell waste + facilitates cellular processes (eg protein synthesis, glycolysis and cell division)

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8
Q

Cell (Plasma) Membrane Structure

A

Phospholipid bilayer, proteins embedded within and carbohydrates attached (glyco-lipids, glyco-proteins)

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9
Q

Cell Membrane Function

A

Acts as selectively permeable barrier keeping certain molecules in/out of cell, maintains intracellular pH, responds to changes outside cell

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10
Q

Cytoskeleton Structure

A

Filaments and tubules. Link with protein embedded in memebrane

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11
Q

Filaments In Cytoskeleton Make Up

A

Double strands of actin. Enables protein in membrane to connect with extracellular matrix

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12
Q

Cytoskeleton Function

A

Cell scaffolding, preserves/alters shape providing frame for movement

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13
Q

Nucleus Structure

A

Nuclear envelope (double membrane), pores, chromatin, nucleoli, nucleoplasm

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14
Q

Nucleus Double Membrane Composition

A

Smooth inner membrane and outer membrane linked to the endoplasmic reticulum

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15
Q

Nucleoli Function

A

Assembly place for ribosomes

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16
Q

Nucleoplasm Makeup

A

Gel substance surrounding nucleoli

17
Q

Where DNA is stored in Cell

A
18
Q

3 Fates of DNA

A
19
Q

What controls fate of DNA

A
20
Q

How DNA is passed on

A
21
Q

Quiescent Def.

A

Temporary State of cell dormancy (no replication)

22
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure + Location

A

Interconnected tubules and sacs between the nucleus and cytoplasm

23
Q

2 Types of Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Smooth and Rough

24
Q

Difference Between Rough and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Rough contains ribosomes, smooth doesn’t

25
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum Functions

A

Rough: protein synthesis. Smooth: Lipid Metabolism

26
Q

Golgi Apparatus Structure

A

Stacks of flattened containers (cisterns/sacs)

27
Q

cis - Golgi/face def

A

Towards nucleus

28
Q

trans - Golgi/ face

A

Towards membrane

29
Q

Golgi Apparatus Location

A

Cytosol between Endoplasmic Reticulum and cell membrane

30
Q

Golgi Apparatus Function

A

Glycolisation of proteins + lipids. Distribution of products to other organelles, packaging waste for excretion fro cell

31
Q

Mitochondrion Structure

A

Double membrane seperated by intermembrane space, matrix

32
Q

Mitochondrion Double Membrane Composition

A

Outer is permeable to small molecules, inner contain cristae

33
Q

Mitochondrion Function

A

Contains enzymes for ETS, Krebs Cycle and beta-oxidation of fatty acids , generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation

34
Q

Lysososme Structure

A

single membrane spherical organelles. Contains acid hydrolases

35
Q

Acid Hydrolases Def.

A

Degraded enzymes

36
Q

Lysosomes pH

A

5

37
Q

Lysosomes Function

A

Compartmentalizes intracellular degradative enzymes + furthers the process. Receives Golgi contents after fusing with Golgi. Receives aged cells/organelle after fusing endoplasmic reticulum

Cellular Basis of Life (20 decks)

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