Principles of Micro Flashcards
how many of the top ten leading causes of death in the world are microbial and what are they?
3
lower respiratory infection, diarrheal diseases, and HIV/AIDS
how many of the top ten leading causes of death in low income countries are microbial and what are they?
5
lower respiratory infections, HIV/AIDS, diarrheal diseases, malaria, and tuberculosis
positive aspects of microbes
recycling
extreme environments
primary productivity
three basic groupings of microbes
prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and viruses
example of prokaryotes and which causes disease
bacteria - Yes
Archeae - NO
examples of eukaryotes and which causes disease
Protozoa - Yes
Fungi - sometimes in those with improperly functioning immune system
Algae - rarely
do viruses cause disease
yes
which habitats have the greatest percentage of microorganisms
marine subsurface with 66%
and terrestrial subsurface with 26%
what percentage of microorganisms are in humans
1% but this percentage includes other habitats like animals, freshwater etc
what properties shared by all cells
metabolism, growth/reproduction, evolution
what properties are shared by some cells
motility, differentiation, and communication
what are the three domains of life
bacteria, archeae, and eukaryotes
bacteria and archeae are prokaryotes so they do not have a nucleus
why aren’t viruses one of the classifications of domains of life
they are not alive
how are the three domains chosen/classified
based on 16S ribosomal RNA
difference between pure culture and mixed culture
pure - millions of one type of cells
mixed - two or more type of cells
if the nomenclature ends with eae, what type is it most likely
it is a family name
what is a virus species
polythetic class of viruses that constitute a replicating lineage and occupy a particular ecological niche
what is meant by polythetic class
members have several properties in common although they do not all necessarily have a single defining property
order microbes in order of decreasing size
Algae and Protozoa, Fungi, Bacteria, Virus
Virus: what type of cell, how do they reproduce, size,
acellular - they depend on living cells they do not replicate/grow usually nm (sometimes larger)
bacteria: type of cell, how do they reproduce, size, what they do with nutrients
unicellular (prokaryotes)
reproduce asexually
μm
utilize or synthesize nutrients
are bacteria motile
some are and some are not
fungi: type of cell, how do they reproduce, size, how do they get nutrients
uni or multi cellular
reproduce asexually or sexually depending on fungi
μm to cm
they get nutrients from dead or decaying material
algae: type of cell, how do they reproduce, size, how do they get nutrients
uni or multicellular
reproduce sexually or asexually
μm to feet
photosynthesis for energy (sunlight)
are algae motile
some are
protozoa: type of cell, how do they reproduce, size, how do they get nutrients, where are they found
unicellular reproduce asexually or sexually μm to cm heterotrophic found in aquatic and terrestrial environment
what does it mean to be heterotrophic and which microbes are
get energy source from organic substances
protozoa and fungi and bacteria
are protozoa motile
many are
