Preventing Substance Abuse

Question 1

The definitions of secondary prevention and selective prevention are similar in that the programs are aimed at:

Answer 1

groups that are at higher risk because of early experimentation.

Question 2

Tertiary prevention programs are those aimed mainly at:

Answer 2

people who have been treated for substance abuse.

Question 3

What is the name of Health Canada’s anti-drug campaign aimed at youth?

Answer 3

DrugsNot4Me.

Question 4

All of the following are key elements of the social influence model EXCEPT:

Answer 4

use of scare tactics.

Question 5

Which drug prevention strategies has current research indicated to be the most effective?

Answer 5

multifaceted approaches with a contribution from the media, family, school, and community.

Question 6

The acronym DARE stands for:

Answer 6

Drug Abuse Resistance Education.

Question 7

The main benefits of “extracurricular” peer approaches to drug prevention include which of the following?

Answer 7

more positive attitude toward peers and school

Question 8

The various programs that have worked with parents have been described as taking at least one of four approaches, which include all of the following EXCEPT:

Answer 8

urine testing.

Question 9

Which of these is a model community prevention program mentioned in the text?

Answer 9

Communities Mobilizing for Change on Alcohol

Question 10

In the US, one of the most consistent features in workplace drug prevention programs is:

Answer 10

random urine drug testing.

Question 11

what are several facts of drug abuse

Answer 11

as long as there is a market, there will be people to supply the market
substances will never disappear
our society has accepted the continued existence of tobacco and alcohol, yet some people are harmed by them

Question 12

how much of Canada’s investment is used towards prevention focused initiatives?

Answer 12

4%

Question 13

who are the targets of primary prevention?

Answer 13

young people who have not tried the substane

Question 14

what is the goal of primary prevention?

Answer 14

encourage abstinence

teach how to view drugs and potential influences of drugs on lives, emotions and social relationships

Question 15

who are the targets of secondary prevention?

Answer 15

people who have tried the drug or a variety of other substances
-many post secondary students fall into here

Question 16

what is the goal of secondary prevention?

Answer 16

prevention of the use of other more dangerous substances and the prevention of the development of more dangerous forms of use of the substances they are already using

Question 17

what is the goal of tertiary prevention?

Answer 17

relapse prevention

Question 18

how are prevention efforts categorized?

Answer 18

according to intended target, but the targets are not defined only by prior drug use

Question 19

what is universal prevention?

Answer 19

designed for delivery to an entire population:

eg. school, community

Question 20

what is selective prevention?

Answer 20

designed for groups within the general population:

eg. students doing poor academically

Question 21

what is indicated prevention?

Answer 21

designed for individuals who show signs of developing problems
eg. child who began smoking at a young age

Question 22

who are more prone to risk-taking behavior?

Answer 22

young people - areas of the brain that moderate risk and reward typically mature later

Question 23

how many percent of young people ages 15-24 have used drugs sometime in their life

Answer 23

57%

Question 24

what is the average age at which students grades 7-12 first drank alcohol? used cannabis?

Answer 24

alcohol 13

cannabis 13.7

Question 25

how many students grade 10-12 have reported binge drinking in the past 12 months

Answer 25

49%

Question 26

how many post secondary students reported binge drinking in the past two weeks?

Answer 26

36%

Question 27

why invest in young people?

Answer 27

rates of recovery from substance dependency in adults is low, and so harm reduction is the only option -the ability to easily modify brain pathways is substantially diminished and therefore recovery from dependency is extremely difficult

Question 28

what did traditional antidrug programs rely on?

Answer 28

local police reps told horror stories | -scare tactics

Question 29

what is affective education?

Answer 29

helping children know their own feelings and express them, helping them achieve altered emotional states without drugs, teaching them to feel valued and accepted and wanted -ways of reducing drug use

Question 30

what does the values clarification approach assume?

Answer 30

assumes that what is lacking in drug use adolescents is not factual info about drugs, but rather, the ability to make appropriate decision based on that info

Question 31

what is values clarification?

Answer 31

teaching generic decision-making skills not a direct antidrug appraoch do not impose a particular set of values but, rather, allow for differences in religion, family background, and so on -were said to be "value free"

Question 32

what does alternative to drug use method assume?

Answer 32

that students might take drugs for experience

Question 33

what is alternative to drug use method?

Answer 33

to teach about natural highs, or altered states, that can be produced through relaxation exercises, meditation, exercise, or an exciting sport

Question 34

what are examples of affective education?

Answer 34

values clarification alternatives to drugs personal and social skills

Question 35

students who engage in drug use:

Answer 35

get lower grades | less involved in school clubs/organized sports

Question 36

what do current school-based approaches teach?

Answer 36

refusal skills counter advertising require public commitments use teen leaders

Question 37

what is affective education citicized for?

Answer 37

for being too value free

Question 38

what are two systems used for classifying prevention programs

Answer 38

- one based on stages of involvement | - second includes prevention efforts categorized according to the intended target

Question 39

what were early drug prevention programs basd on?

Answer 39

knowledge-attitudes-behavior model by 1970s studies began to show effectiveness of such programs in altering attitudes and behavior -led to development of affective education

Question 40

what has successfully helped reduce smoking?

Answer 40

social influence model

Question 41

National Anti-Drug Strategy action plans:

Answer 41

- preventing illegal drug use - treating those with illegal drug dependencies - combating production and distribution of illegal drugs

Question 42

DrugsNot4Me?

Answer 42

prevention plan developed by Health Canada aimed at equipping young people with coping and refusal skills to support their decision not to experiment with illegal drugs

Question 43

elements of the social influence model

Answer 43

``` training refusal skills public commitment countering advertising - question message of ads normative education - factual info use of teen leaders ```