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HSCI 180 > Preventing Substance Abuse > Flashcards

Preventing Substance Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

The definitions of secondary prevention and selective prevention are similar in that the programs are aimed at:

A

groups that are at higher risk because of early experimentation.

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2
Q

Tertiary prevention programs are those aimed mainly at:

A

people who have been treated for substance abuse.

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3
Q

What is the name of Health Canada’s anti-drug campaign aimed at youth?

A

DrugsNot4Me.

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4
Q

All of the following are key elements of the social influence model EXCEPT:

A

use of scare tactics.

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5
Q

Which drug prevention strategies has current research indicated to be the most effective?

A

multifaceted approaches with a contribution from the media, family, school, and community.

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6
Q

The acronym DARE stands for:

A

Drug Abuse Resistance Education.

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7
Q

The main benefits of “extracurricular” peer approaches to drug prevention include which of the following?

A

more positive attitude toward peers and school

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8
Q

The various programs that have worked with parents have been described as taking at least one of four approaches, which include all of the following EXCEPT:

A

urine testing.

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9
Q

Which of these is a model community prevention program mentioned in the text?

A

Communities Mobilizing for Change on Alcohol

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10
Q

In the US, one of the most consistent features in workplace drug prevention programs is:

A

random urine drug testing.

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11
Q

what are several facts of drug abuse

A

as long as there is a market, there will be people to supply the market
substances will never disappear
our society has accepted the continued existence of tobacco and alcohol, yet some people are harmed by them

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12
Q

how much of Canada’s investment is used towards prevention focused initiatives?

A

4%

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13
Q

who are the targets of primary prevention?

A

young people who have not tried the substane

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14
Q

what is the goal of primary prevention?

A

encourage abstinence

teach how to view drugs and potential influences of drugs on lives, emotions and social relationships

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15
Q

who are the targets of secondary prevention?

A

people who have tried the drug or a variety of other substances
-many post secondary students fall into here

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16
Q

what is the goal of secondary prevention?

A

prevention of the use of other more dangerous substances and the prevention of the development of more dangerous forms of use of the substances they are already using

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17
Q

what is the goal of tertiary prevention?

A

relapse prevention

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18
Q

how are prevention efforts categorized?

A

according to intended target, but the targets are not defined only by prior drug use

19
Q

what is universal prevention?

A

designed for delivery to an entire population:

eg. school, community

20
Q

what is selective prevention?

A

designed for groups within the general population:

eg. students doing poor academically

21
Q

what is indicated prevention?

A

designed for individuals who show signs of developing problems
eg. child who began smoking at a young age

22
Q

who are more prone to risk-taking behavior?

A

young people - areas of the brain that moderate risk and reward typically mature later

23
Q

how many percent of young people ages 15-24 have used drugs sometime in their life

A

57%

24
Q

what is the average age at which students grades 7-12 first drank alcohol? used cannabis?

A

alcohol 13

cannabis 13.7

25
Q

how many students grade 10-12 have reported binge drinking in the past 12 months

A

49%

26
Q

how many post secondary students reported binge drinking in the past two weeks?

A

36%

27
Q

why invest in young people?

A

rates of recovery from substance dependency in adults is low, and so harm reduction is the only option
-the ability to easily modify brain pathways is substantially diminished and therefore recovery from dependency is extremely difficult

28
Q

what did traditional antidrug programs rely on?

A

local police reps told horror stories

-scare tactics

29
Q

what is affective education?

A

helping children know their own feelings and express them, helping them achieve altered emotional states without drugs, teaching them to feel valued and accepted and wanted
-ways of reducing drug use

30
Q

what does the values clarification approach assume?

A

assumes that what is lacking in drug use adolescents is not factual info about drugs, but rather, the ability to make appropriate decision based on that info

31
Q

what is values clarification?

A

teaching generic decision-making skills
not a direct antidrug appraoch
do not impose a particular set of values but, rather, allow for differences in religion, family background, and so on
-were said to be “value free”

32
Q

what does alternative to drug use method assume?

A

that students might take drugs for experience

33
Q

what is alternative to drug use method?

A

to teach about natural highs, or altered states, that can be produced through relaxation exercises, meditation, exercise, or an exciting sport

34
Q

what are examples of affective education?

A

values clarification
alternatives to drugs
personal and social skills

35
Q

students who engage in drug use:

A

get lower grades

less involved in school clubs/organized sports

36
Q

what do current school-based approaches teach?

A

refusal skills
counter advertising
require public commitments
use teen leaders

37
Q

what is affective education citicized for?

A

for being too value free

38
Q

what are two systems used for classifying prevention programs

A
  • one based on stages of involvement

- second includes prevention efforts categorized according to the intended target

39
Q

what were early drug prevention programs basd on?

A

knowledge-attitudes-behavior model
by 1970s studies began to show effectiveness of such programs in altering attitudes and behavior
-led to development of affective education

40
Q

what has successfully helped reduce smoking?

A

social influence model

41
Q

National Anti-Drug Strategy action plans:

A
  • preventing illegal drug use
  • treating those with illegal drug dependencies
  • combating production and distribution of illegal drugs
42
Q

DrugsNot4Me?

A

prevention plan developed by Health Canada
aimed at equipping young people with coping and refusal skills to support their decision not to experiment with illegal drugs

43
Q

elements of the social influence model

A 
training refusal skills
public commitment
countering advertising - question message of ads
normative education - factual info
use of teen leaders

HSCI 180 (8 decks)

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