Preventing Substance Abuse Flashcards
The definitions of secondary prevention and selective prevention are similar in that the programs are aimed at:
groups that are at higher risk because of early experimentation.
Tertiary prevention programs are those aimed mainly at:
people who have been treated for substance abuse.
What is the name of Health Canada’s anti-drug campaign aimed at youth?
DrugsNot4Me.
All of the following are key elements of the social influence model EXCEPT:
use of scare tactics.
Which drug prevention strategies has current research indicated to be the most effective?
multifaceted approaches with a contribution from the media, family, school, and community.
The acronym DARE stands for:
Drug Abuse Resistance Education.
The main benefits of “extracurricular” peer approaches to drug prevention include which of the following?
more positive attitude toward peers and school
The various programs that have worked with parents have been described as taking at least one of four approaches, which include all of the following EXCEPT:
urine testing.
Which of these is a model community prevention program mentioned in the text?
Communities Mobilizing for Change on Alcohol
In the US, one of the most consistent features in workplace drug prevention programs is:
random urine drug testing.
what are several facts of drug abuse
as long as there is a market, there will be people to supply the market
substances will never disappear
our society has accepted the continued existence of tobacco and alcohol, yet some people are harmed by them
how much of Canada’s investment is used towards prevention focused initiatives?
4%
who are the targets of primary prevention?
young people who have not tried the substane
what is the goal of primary prevention?
encourage abstinence
teach how to view drugs and potential influences of drugs on lives, emotions and social relationships
who are the targets of secondary prevention?
people who have tried the drug or a variety of other substances
-many post secondary students fall into here
what is the goal of secondary prevention?
prevention of the use of other more dangerous substances and the prevention of the development of more dangerous forms of use of the substances they are already using
what is the goal of tertiary prevention?
relapse prevention
how are prevention efforts categorized?
according to intended target, but the targets are not defined only by prior drug use
what is universal prevention?
designed for delivery to an entire population:
eg. school, community
what is selective prevention?
designed for groups within the general population:
eg. students doing poor academically
what is indicated prevention?
designed for individuals who show signs of developing problems
eg. child who began smoking at a young age
who are more prone to risk-taking behavior?
young people - areas of the brain that moderate risk and reward typically mature later
how many percent of young people ages 15-24 have used drugs sometime in their life
57%
what is the average age at which students grades 7-12 first drank alcohol? used cannabis?
alcohol 13
cannabis 13.7
how many students grade 10-12 have reported binge drinking in the past 12 months
49%
how many post secondary students reported binge drinking in the past two weeks?
36%
why invest in young people?
rates of recovery from substance dependency in adults is low, and so harm reduction is the only option
-the ability to easily modify brain pathways is substantially diminished and therefore recovery from dependency is extremely difficult
what did traditional antidrug programs rely on?
local police reps told horror stories
-scare tactics
what is affective education?
helping children know their own feelings and express them, helping them achieve altered emotional states without drugs, teaching them to feel valued and accepted and wanted
-ways of reducing drug use
what does the values clarification approach assume?
assumes that what is lacking in drug use adolescents is not factual info about drugs, but rather, the ability to make appropriate decision based on that info
what is values clarification?
teaching generic decision-making skills
not a direct antidrug appraoch
do not impose a particular set of values but, rather, allow for differences in religion, family background, and so on
-were said to be “value free”
what does alternative to drug use method assume?
that students might take drugs for experience
what is alternative to drug use method?
to teach about natural highs, or altered states, that can be produced through relaxation exercises, meditation, exercise, or an exciting sport
what are examples of affective education?
values clarification
alternatives to drugs
personal and social skills
students who engage in drug use:
get lower grades
less involved in school clubs/organized sports
what do current school-based approaches teach?
refusal skills
counter advertising
require public commitments
use teen leaders
what is affective education citicized for?
for being too value free
what are two systems used for classifying prevention programs
- one based on stages of involvement
- second includes prevention efforts categorized according to the intended target
what were early drug prevention programs basd on?
knowledge-attitudes-behavior model
by 1970s studies began to show effectiveness of such programs in altering attitudes and behavior
-led to development of affective education
what has successfully helped reduce smoking?
social influence model
National Anti-Drug Strategy action plans:
- preventing illegal drug use
- treating those with illegal drug dependencies
- combating production and distribution of illegal drugs
DrugsNot4Me?
prevention plan developed by Health Canada
aimed at equipping young people with coping and refusal skills to support their decision not to experiment with illegal drugs
elements of the social influence model
training refusal skills public commitment countering advertising - question message of ads normative education - factual info use of teen leaders
