Performance Enhancing Drugs

Question 1

who used plant-based stimulants?

Answer 1

Ancient Greeks and Aztecs

Question 2

what were athletic competitions developed for?

Answer 2

For training for war by tribal societies

Question 3

what is strychnine

Answer 3

low dose = CNS stimulant

high dose = convulsion and death

Question 4

who used strychnine and why?

Answer 4

boxers used them to become more aggressive and keep them from tiring quickly

Question 5

When was the St. Louis Olympic marathon winner and what happened?

Answer 5

1904
mixed brandy and strychnine
collapsed and had to be revived

Question 6

how was cocaine used and when

Answer 6

available since 1800s

Mariani’s coca wine used by the French cycling team

Question 7

what was the original term for doping and how was it used?

Answer 7

i is the opposite of what it is now. An effort to impair performance
-used brandy to slow race horses and dogs

Question 8

why were amphetamines used? what made them good?

Answer 8

more potent than caffeine

safer than strychnine

Question 9

what is pep?

Answer 9

an amphetamine used by boxers, cyclists, soccer players

Question 10

When did drug testing begin?

Answer 10

1960s

Question 11

who died during 1967 Tour de France

Answer 11

Tommy Simpson from amphetamines

Question 12

When did the International Olympic Committee establish rules to disqualify any athlete who used banned drugs or refused to be tested?

Answer 12

1968

Question 13

when did NFL ban distribution of amphetamines

Answer 13

1971

Question 14

were amphetamines restricted in 1971?

Answer 14

No. players could still obtain it on their own. Use of pep pills

Question 15

who first started using testosterone and when

Answer 15

Soviets

1950s

Question 16

when did testing for steroids begin?

Answer 16

1970s

Question 17

who were the first international athletes found guilty of taking steroids

Answer 17

Bulgaria, Romania, Poland

BRP - big, eat a lot,-> burp = body builder - steroid

Question 18

Who was Ben Johnson?

Answer 18

1987 World record holder but he was disqualified for steroid doping

Question 19

What was the result of the Johnson Olympic scandal?

Answer 19

Gov’t of Canada to establish a COmmision of Inquiry into the use of drugs and banned practices (1989)

Question 20

what was the drug developed by BALCO?

Answer 20

THG tetrahydrogestrinone

Question 21

what pro sports organization still allows ephedrine

Answer 21

MLB

Question 22

what are two effects of steroids?

Answer 22

androgenic effects (masculinizing)
anabolic effects (tissure building)

Question 23

why is it difficult to do randomized blinded control trials on steroids

Answer 23

because steroids produce detectable psychological effects

Question 24

anabolic steroids mimic effects of:

Answer 24

endogenous hormones:

• testosterone
• dihydrotestosterone

Question 25

anabolic steroids are ___ soluble

Answer 25

fat

Question 26

anabolic steroids are which schedule?

Answer 26

4

Question 27

what is the penalty for buying or selling steroids

Answer 27

18 months prison

Question 28

human growth hormone

Answer 28

beta-2-subtype of adrenergic receptors

used in treating asthma

Question 29

what the blood doping?

Answer 29

increase number of rbc in bloodstream

Question 30

when was blood doping prohibited by the International Olympic Committee?

Answer 30

1984

Question 31

action of creatine

Answer 31

helps regenerate ATP (energy for muscles)
good for short-distance sprints
not for long-term events