Preop

Question 1

Checking the chart

Answer 1

. Prothrombin/Thromboplastin test for Pt. with anticoagulants

Question 2

Patient Possessions

Answer 2

. All jewelry should be removed prior to surgery. If a ring is allowed, it should be taped to the hand
. Dentures, prostheses, and implants removed; Includes wigs and hairpins
. Nail polish should be removed to better measure blood oxygen saturation

Once collected:
Give to family members
Lock in the hospital safe

• eyeglasses, hearing aids, dentures may be allowed to wear in the OR prior to induction of anesthesia*

Question 3

Transport of Patient

Answer 3

. Stretchers (gurneys)
. Hospital Bed
. Cribs and Isolates
. Wheelchairs

Question 4

Technique of Transport

Answer 4

. The side rails are in the upright and secure position
. The safety belt is secured (if any)
. Wheels are in the correct position
. Patient transported slowly feet first
. Patient should enter the elevator head first and exit feet first
. Hospital elevators have 2 openings
. All parts of the patient’s body are within the guard rails
. Never leave the patient unattended

Question 5

What are the signs of deep vein thrombosis?

Answer 5

. pain, swelling and tenderness in one of your legs (usually your calf)
. a heavy ache in the affected area.
. warm skin in the area of the clot.
. red skin, particularly at the back of your leg below the knee.
. Blood clots
- Prevented with anti embolism stockings on legs

Question 6

Hypothermia affects up to?

Answer 6

60% of all surgical patients

Heat loss occurs due to:
Radiation
Convection
Conduction
Evaporation - ex.sweating

Question 7

Methods of maintaining body temp:

Answer 7

. Passive non invasive:
- Warming of the OR
- Use of blankets

. Invasive:
- Warmed gastric lavage
- Peritoneal irrigation
- Fluid warmers

Question 8

Transfer and Positioning: of Patients who are not heavily sedated vs. sedated

Answer 8

Not heavily sedated:
. may move under their own effort onto the OR table
. Stretcher should be placed beside the table and in a locked position

heavily sedated:
. At least 4 personnel is required to transfer a sedated patient
. Use of a draw sheet may be helpful
. Safety strap should be placed 2 inches above the knee

Question 9

Normal Temp?

Answer 9

. Oral 98.6F
. Rectal 99.6F
. Axillary 97.6F

Body temp can be affected by:
Cold prep solutions
OR environment
Anesthesia

Question 10

Temperature Devices

Answer 10

Non invasive:
. Touch
. Sticker
. Ear
. Axilla

Invasive:
. Oral
. Rectal
. Esophageal
. Bladder

Question 11

Pulse

Answer 11

. Monitored along the pulse points (usually the radial artery)
. Contraction of the heart:
Normal – 60 – 80bpm
Tachycardia >100
Bradycardia <60

Question 12

Respirations:

Answer 12

. Normal Rate:
- Infants 30-60
- Children 18-30
- Adults 12-20
. Taken in 1 full minute
. Eupnea – normal
. Apnea – not breathing
. Bradypnea - slow
. Tachypnea - fast

Question 13

Cheyne-stokes

Answer 13

• respiration is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by progressively deeper, and sometimes faster

Question 14

Kussmaul

Answer 14

• deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure.

Question 15

Blood Pressure

Answer 15

. Pressure of blood against the walls of the blood vessels
. Expressed in 2 values:
Systolic – contraction phase
Diastolic – rest phase
. An increase in BLOOD VOLUME, HEART RATE, & BLOOD VISCOSITY (thickness) are factors that will increase blood pressure

Question 16

SPHYGMOMANOMETER

Answer 16

– instrument used to measure blood pressure

Phase 1: Initial sound
Phase 2: Swishing sound
Phase 3: Rhythmic tapping sound
Phase 4: Sound disappear

Question 17

Systolic

Answer 17

– contraction phase

Question 18

Diastolic

Answer 18

– rest phase

Question 19

Normal BP?

Answer 19

<120/80

Question 20

Prehypertension

Answer 20

120-139/80-89

Question 21

Hypertension

Answer 21

Stage1
140-159/90-99
Stage 2
160/100