Prelim Examination (2019) Flashcards by Donny Insular

Nucleosome is composed of:

A. Long uncoiled strand of DNA
B. 6 histones folding on each other
C. Two chromosomes tightly bound together
D. 2 loops of DNA around histones

D. 2 loops of DNA around histones

Nucleosome is COILED, has 8 HISTONES

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Choose which among these is a function of epithelial cells

A. Metabolism
B. Immune cells
C. Absorption
D. Distribution

C. Absorption

Immune and distribution are by blood, a special CONNECTIVE tissue while metabolism is for owel

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Where does Krebs cycle takes place?

A. Matrix
B. Intermembrane space
C. Cytosol
D. Outer membrane

A. Matrix

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Use to locate intracellular site of peroxidase

A. Enzyme histochemistry
B. Immunohistochemistry
C. PAS technique
D. NOTA

A. Enzyme histochemistry

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What removes water from cells and tissues?

Dehydration

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Which of the following is unicellular exocrine gland

Goblet Cell

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Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is
adapted for:

A. Absorption
B. Secretion
C. Protection
D. Excretion

C. Protection

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What is color of the conglomerate of oxidized
lipids, phospholipids and organic molecules
under H&E stain?

Brownish-gold

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Which of the ff commonly possess cilia that
move dust and mucus out of the airways of
the respiratory tract?

A. Pseudostratified columnar
B. Stratified squamous
C. Transitional
D. Simple cuboidal
E. Simple squamous

A. Pseudostratified columnar

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This organelle is described as a “prelysosome”
for the influx of hydrogen into it causes it to
mature in the lysosome

A. Centrosome
B. Late Endosome
C. Multivesicular bodies
D. Perixosomes

B. Late Endosome

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How many chromosomes are there in a
somatic cell?

A. 46
B. 23
C. 92
D. 100

A. 46

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What type of epithelium has a dome shape on
its apical membrane?

A. Transitional
B. Pseudostratified
C. Epithiloid
D. Mesothelium

A. Transitional

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The component of cell membrane that
contains hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic
tails.

Phospholipid

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What is the pointed structure?

Centromere

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Which of the following statements is true for
the structure above (RER)?

A. It is continuous with outer nuclear
membrane
B. It has cristae to maximize surface area for
energy production
C. It modifies proteins
D. It has 9 triplets of microtubules

A. It is continuous with outer nuclear

membrane

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Protein (adhesion & recognition)

Carbohydrates

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Demonstrate lipofuscin

A.Human blood vessel
B. Human skin
C. Neuron
D. Smooth muscle

C. Neuron

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Which feature is characterized with a mainly
protective role in the body?

A. Mucus
B. Multiple microvilli
C. Stratified

C. Stratified

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Commonly used to locate lipids?

Sudan Stain

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Simple squamous epithelium that lines

abdominal cavity:

Mesothelium

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Stain for nuclei

Hematoxylin

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mitosis except

Haploid

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True of frozen section except

A. Uses carbon monoxide to make cells solid
B. Commonly uses h&e
C. Used for specimen adequacy
D. Sectioned in a microtome inside a cryostat
E. None of these

A. Uses carbon monoxide to make cells solid

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Unicellular gland

A. Basket cell
B. Sertoli cell
C. goblet cell

C. goblet cell

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Nuclear membrane starts to disintegrate with | further condensation of chromosomes

Prophase

In what stage of the interphase, checking of | damages of the DNA, and unreplicated DNA?

Stains to exhibit lipids ``` A. Enzyme histochemistry B. Immunohistochemistry C. Pas technique D. H&E E. None of the above ```

E. None of the above

Abundance of cholesterol in lipid rafts function | to:

*BASA NALANG SA BOOK

Type of epithelium that lines the uterine tube | aiding movement of ova through them

Simple columnar ciliated

Duplication of Centrioles and synthesis of Prophase | mitotic spindles.

Prophase

What is shown in the figure above? (Nasa | gitna Ang chromosomes)

Metaphase

Males have the following chromosomes

22 autosome XY

The intracellular connection of the outermost portion of two cell membranes that are tightly connected ``` A.intermediate junction B. Desmosomes C. Tight junction D. Gap junction E. None of the choices ```

C. Tight junction

Most commonly use to locate glycogen ``` A. Enzymecytochemisty B. Immunohistochemistry C. Hematoxylin D. Fuelgen E. Pas ```

E. Pas

More specific technique A. Direct immunohistochemistry B. Indirect immunohistochemistry E. Enzyme immunohistochemistry

NO ANSWER

Stains carbohydrates A. PAS B. H&E

A. PAS

Exhibits metachromasia, EXCEPT A. Cartilage B. Heparin-containing mas cells C. Rer of plasma cells D. Endothelium of bowman’s capsule

D. Endothelium of bowman’s capsule

Heat shock proteins

Chaperone mediated autophagy

Which is metaboliclly active and stores nutrients: ``` A. Prophase B. Metaphase C. Telophase D. Anaphase E. Interphase ```

E. Interphase

An organelle that partially depends on nucleus because it has its own DNA and RNA. ``` A. Golgi Apparatus B. Lysosome C. Ribosome D. Rough ER E. Mitochondria ```

E. Mitochondria

function of telomere

protect chromosome during cell division

The cell has been collecting abnormal cells and has the potential on becoming a cancer cell. Something something.. which will initiate its death by apoptosis. ``` A. P B. Nucleus C. Mitochondria D. Lysosome E. Smooth ER ```

C. Mitochondria

Gathers light that passes thru the specimen

Condenser

Sebum

Holocrine

Which among the following structure is NOT found on the apical surface of simple epithelium A. Microvilli B. Stereocilia C. Cilia D. Desmosomes

D. Desmosomes

which of the following is true about merocrine | secretion

-destruction is through programmed cell death -membrane bound vesicles bind to membrane -secretory products accumulate in the mature cells -secretory products go to the apical portion

Where does mRNA translation occur? ``` A. Mitochondria B. Ribosomes C. Lysosome D. Inside the nucleus E. Centrosome ```

B. Ribosomes

Which of the following describes the secretory mechanism by which sebum is produced? A. Eccrine B. Holocrine C. Apocrine D. Cytocrine

B. Holocrine

Paraffin

Embedding

Microscope to visualize whole tissue/organ:

light microscope

Greatest resolution A. Electronic microscopy B. Light C. Both D. Neither

A. Electronic microscopy

Which of the ff events does NOT occur in G1 phase of cell cycle? A. Organelles are replicated in the cytoplasm B. Checking for any unreplicated DNA C. Cell is metabolically active D. Cell is doing its expected function

B. Checking for any unreplicated DNA

The border that separates your epithelial cells | from the connective tissue?

Basal lamina

Dead skin sheds off because of what adhering | junction.

Desmosome

Freeze fracture

Integral proteins

What structure functions to connect two sister chromatids of a condensed chromosome? A. Centromere B. Kinetochore C. Dynamin D. Telomere

A. Centromere

Nissl bodies

Responsible for dark staining of neurons

1 nanometer

None of the above. 1000 picometer

Which type of epithelium allows expansion

Transitional

Checkpoint: Cell will evaluate its replicative property and availability of nutrients and growth factor A. G2 DNA damage checkpoint B. G1 DNA damage checkpoint C. Unreplicated DNA checkpoint D. Restriction point

D. Restriction point

Which of the following organelles DOES NOT have their own membrane: a. Ribosomes b. Peroxisomes c. Lysosomes d. Endosomes

a. Ribosomes

Lining in walls of capillaries and alveolar sacs:

simple squamous

Barr body

Heterochromatin X

What is the cell make-up of the gallbladder?

Simple columnar

Integral protein which transports molecules from high to low concentrations, and involves change in shape. ``` A. Channel B. Carrier C. Pump D. Peripheral E. Carbohydrate ```

B. Carrier

Basophilia except ``` A. Ergastoplasm B. Nucleoi C. Extracellular fibers D. Heterochromatin E.None of the above ```

C. Extracellular fibers

What could possibly develop as a result from | poliomyelitis?

scoliosis

Chromosome are forms of DNA in a cell that is actively transcribing DNA to synthesize proteins

False

Which test is best performed to locate | carbohydrates in the tissue?

PAS stain/test

Characteristic of epithelium?

Regenerate rapidly?

What type of tissue forms walls of capillaries | and air sacs of lungs?

Simple Squamous

Treatment with ascending concentration of | alcohol

Dehydration

What lining epithelium covers the mouth, | esophagus and vagina?

Stratified Squamous epithelium

Exhibits basophilia except: A. Ergastoplasm B. Extracellular fibers C. Heterochromatin D. None of the above

B. Extracellular fibers

Which of the following is incorrect regarding the functions of Fixation: a. preserves structural details b. it disinfects c. it prevents autolysis d. it does not affect enzymatic activity e. none of the choices

d. it does not affect enzymatic activity

Drug and alcohol metabolism

SER