Chapter 14 (LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) - Histoworld

Question 1

What is another term for lymphatic nodules?

Answer 1

Lymph follicles

*The localized concentrations of lymphocytes that are seen in the respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, and gastrointestinal tract are lymph follicles. They are also called lymphatic nodules.
The lymphatic tissue in the spleen is called white pulp.
The large aggregates of lymphatic tissue in the ileum are called Peyer’s patches.
A lymph node is an encapsulated lymphatic organ.
The random distribution of lymphocytes seen in the lamina propria of the respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, and gastrointestinal tract is called diffuse lymphatic tissue. Difuse lymphatic tissue in not encapsulated.

Question 2

Which layer of the gastrointestinal tract contains the gut associated lymphatic tissue?

Answer 2

Mucosa

*The mucosa is the innermost layer of the GI tract. The mucosa consists of a lining epithelium, lamina propria and muscularis mucosae. Gut associated lymphatic tissue (GALT) is found in the mucosa and sometimes extends into the submucosa.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT made of a framework of reticular fibers?

Answer 3

Thymus

*Bone marrow, lymph nodes, the spleen and the thymus are all part of the lymphatic system. Most lymphatic organs are made of a framework of reticular fibers and reticular cells. However, the thymus is made of epithelioreticular cells instead.

Question 4

What is the acronym for the diffuse lymphatic tissue found in the intestinal tract?

Answer 4

GALT

*Diffuse lymphatic tissue is non-encapsulated lymphatic tissue. It is found in the gastrointestinal tract, the genito-urinary tract, and the respiratory tract. In the gastrointestinal tract it is referred to as GALT (gut associated lymphatic tissue). In the respiratory tract it is referred to as BALT (bronchi associated lymphatic tissue).

Question 5

What is another name for a splenic nodule?

Answer 5

Malpighian corpuscle

*The spleen has a connective tissue capsule. The invaginations of the capsule into the splenic parenchyma are trabeculae.
The parenchyma of the spleen can be divided into the white pulp and the red pulp. The white pulp of the spleen is the lymphatic portion of the spleen. Within the white pulp, splenic nodules are found. Splenic nodules are also called Malpighian corpuscles.
The red pulp is made up of the splenic sinuses and splenic cords. The splenic cords are also called the cords of Billroth.

Question 6

What is the term for the entire lymphatic region of the spleen?

Answer 6

White pulp

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spleen?

Answer 7

All of the above are functions of the spleen (Destruction of red blood cells, Lymphocyte production, Storage of blood, Fetal blood cell formation)

*The spleen is involved in destruction of old or damaged red blood cells. Storage of blood occurs in the spleen. In the fetus, the spleen is involved in blood cell formation. Lymphocyte and antibody production occurs in the spleen.

Question 8

When looking at a lymph node, where are lymphatic nodules?

Answer 8

Outer cortex

*Deep cortex, tertiary cortex, juxtamedullary cortex and paracortical zone are all terms for the same region in a lymph node. The deep cortex is the inner region of the cortex, next to the medulla. Lymphatic nodules are not found in the deep cortex. Lymphatic nodules are found in the outer cortex.

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Question 9

Where do T lymphocytes gain their immunocompetence?

Answer 9

Thymus

Question 10

What do you call the random distribution of lymphocytes that are found in the respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, and gastrointestinal tract?

Answer 10

Diffuse lymphatic tissue

Question 11

What is a characteristic of a secondary nodule?

Answer 11

Germinal center

Question 12

Which of the following is composed of epithelioreticular cells?

Answer 12

Thymus

Question 13

What is the acronym for the diffuse lymphatic tissue in the respiratory tract?

Answer 13

BALT

*In the respiratory tract it is referred to as BALT (bronchi associated lymphatic tissue).

Question 14

What are the localized concentrations of lymphocytes that are seen in the respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, and gastrointestinal tract?

Answer 14

Lymph follicles

Question 15

What are the splenic cords?

Answer 15

Cords of Billroth

Question 16

When looking at the spleen, what are the invaginations of the capsule into the splenic parenchyma called?

Answer 16

Trabeculae

*The spleen has a connective tissue capsule. Invaginations of the capsule into the splenic parenchyma are trabeculae. The parenchyma of the spleen can be divided into the white pulp and the red pulp. The white pulp of the spleen is the lymphatic portion of the spleen. Within white pulp, splenic nodules are found. Splenic nodules are also called Malpighian corpuscles. Red pulp is made up of the splenic sinuses and splenic cords. The splenic cords are also called the cords of Billroth.

Question 17

When looking at a lymph node, which term does not refer to the same region as all the others listed?

Answer 17

Outer cortex

*Deep cortex, tertiary cortex, juxtamedullary cortex and paracortical zone are all terms for the same region in a lymph node. The deep cortex is the inner region of the cortex, next to the medulla.

Question 18

What are the spherical structures seen in the medulla of the thymus called?

Answer 18

Hassall’s corpuscles

*Psammoma bodies are collections of calcium. It is derived from the Greek word “psammos”, which means sand. Corpora arenacea refers to the calcifications seen in the pineal gland. Corpora arenacea is nicknamed “brain sand”.
36 | P a g e HISTOLOGY WORLD – FOR COMPRE Ella Gutierrez Medicine 2017
Hassall’s corpuscles are the ring like structures found in the thymus. The spherical structures seen in some prostatic alveoli are called prostatic concretions. Pacinian corpuscles are pressure receptors in the skin.

Question 19

Where are Peyer’s patches located?

Answer 19

Small intestine

Question 20

What are the large aggregates of lymphatic tissue in the ileum?

Answer 20

Peyer’s patches

Question 21

Where is diffuse lymphatic tissue not found?

Answer 21

Central nervous system

Question 22

Where are the splenic sinuses?

Answer 22

Red pulp

Question 23

What does the acronym PALS stand for?

Answer 23

Periatertial lymphatic sheath

*PALS stands for periarterial lymphatic sheath. Periarterial lymphatic sheaths are the lymphocytes which surround the central artery in the spleen.

Question 24

Which of the following is an encapsulated lymphatic organ?

Answer 24

Lymph node