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HISTOLOGY - 1st Year 1st Sem Comprehensive Exam > EYES - Joe's Notes > Flashcards

EYES - Joe's Notes Flashcards

1
Q

CHIEF refractive element?

A

Cornea

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2
Q

ANTERIOR WINDOW of light?

A

Cornea

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3
Q

WATERY FLUID in anterior and posterior chambers?

A

Aqueous Humor

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4
Q

MINOR role in REFRACTILE MEDIA?

A

Aqueous Humor

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5
Q

Important in NUTRITION of cornea and lens

A

Aqueous Humor

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6
Q

Transparent, CRYSTALLINE

A

Lens

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7
Q

Important REFRACTIVE PART after cornea

A

Lens

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8
Q

Lens is suspended by?

A

Zonules of Zinn

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9
Q

Transparent GEL

A

Vitreous Body

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10
Q

99% is water with water soluble proteins (Hyaluronic acid and Glycoprotein)

A

Vitreous Body

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11
Q

Acts as SHOCK ABSORBER (Protects retina & MAINTAINS SHAPE of eyes)

A

Vitreous Body

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12
Q

Embryonic origin of LENS?

A

Surface Ectoderm

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13
Q

Embryonic origin of SPHINCTER PUPILLAE ABD DILATOR PUPILLAE MUSCLES

A

Neural Ectoderm

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14
Q

Embryonic origin of OPTIC NERVE

A

Neural Ectoderm

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15
Q

Embryonic origin of SCLERA

A

Mesoderm

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16
Q

WHAT CORNEAL LAYER?

90% of CORNEAL THICKNESS, contains PROTEOGLYCANS, So4 GAGs (Keratan and Chondroitin So4)

A

Connective Tissue Stroma

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17
Q

WHAT CORNEAL LAYER?

Single layer of SQUAMOUS CELLS, all METABOLIC EXCHANGES takes place here

A

Endothelium

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18
Q

WHAT CORNEAL LAYER?

Fibrillar, Ends at Limbus, main role in LIMITING SPREAD OF INFECTIONS

A

Bowman’s Membrane

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19
Q

WHAT CORNEAL LAYER?

NONKERATINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS, basal layer cells (like skin) PROLIFERATE AND REPLACE the lost surface epithelial cells

A

Epithelium

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20
Q

WHAT CORNEAL LAYER?

BASAL LAMINA of endothelial cells, made of meshwork of fibers and pores, REGENERATES after injury (Unlike Bowman’s)

A

Decemet’s Membrane

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21
Q

What happens if there is endothelial damage in Cornea?

A

Corneal Edema and Corneal Opacity

22
Q

DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE of flat collagen fibers and meshwork of elastic fibers

A

Sclera

23
Q

Which structure has the Irido-Corneal Angle For drainage of aqueous humor (Canal of Schlemm)?

A

Limbus

24
Q

CIRCULAR BAND of SMC, Parasympathetic Control, causes REDUCED SIZE of pupil in response to LIGHT

A

Sphincter Pupillae

25
Q

RADIALLY oriented pigmented myoepithelial cells, form anterior pigment epithelium, under SYMPATHETIC CONTROL, causes INCREASED pupillary size in response to DIM light

A

Dilator Pupillae

26
Q

Which functional group of the ciliary muscle is for DRAINAGE OF AQUEOUS

A

Longitudinal

27
Q

Which functional group of the ciliary muscle FLATTEN the lens for DISTANT VISION?

A

Radial

28
Q

Which functional group of the ciliary muscle REDUCE TENSION on lens for NEAR VISION?

A

Circular

29
Q

How many layers does the retina have?

A

10 regions

30
Q

Where does optic nerve join the retina?

A

Optic Disc

31
Q

This structure has important functions (ABSORBS light and reduce GLARE, BLOOD-RETINA barrier, Phagocytosis)

A

Retinal Pigment Epithelium

32
Q

What forms the OUTER NUCLEAR LAYER of the Retina?

A

Nuclei of Rods and Cones

33
Q

More in # (12 MILLION), MORE SENSITIVE to light

A

Rods

*MAX. ABSORPTION: 496 nm of light

34
Q

Less in # (7 MILLION), LESS SENSITIVE to light

A

Cones

  • MAX. ABSORPTION: 420 nm (Blue), 531 nm (Green) and 588 nm (Red)
35
Q

Lens is BICONCAVE or BICONVEX

A

Biconvex

36
Q

What collagen type makes up the LENS CAPSULE?

A

Type IV Collagen

37
Q

Thin, transparnt, mucous membrane lining the POSTERIOR ASPECT of eye lid & ANTERIOR aspect of eye ball

A

Conjunctiva

38
Q

What are the cells present in the epithelium?

A
  • Goblet Cells
  • Melanocytes
  • Langerhans Cells
  • MALT
39
Q

LUBRICATES the eye surface by DISTRIBUTING TEARS over the cornea

A

Eyelids

40
Q

Other term for TARSAL GLANDS?

A

MEIBOMIAN GLANDS

41
Q

Long sebacious glands embedded in the TARSAL PLATES?

A

Tarsal/Meibomian Glands

42
Q

Produces an OILY LAYER on the surface of the tear film that RETARDS THE EVAPORATION of normal tear layer

A

Tarsal/Meibomian Glands

43
Q

Blockage of Tarsal/Meibomian Glands leads to

A

Chalazion

44
Q

Small MODIFIED sebacious glands?

A

Sebaceous glands of eyelashes/Gland of Zeis

45
Q

Other term for SEBACEOUS GLANDS OF EYELASHES?

A

Glands of Zeis

46
Q

Infection of Sebaceous Glands of Eyelashes/Glands of Zeis causes?

A

Stye or Hordeolum

47
Q

Lies in DEEP SUB - conjunctival tissue of the UPPER AND LOWER FORNICES

A

Glands of Krause

48
Q

In UPPER FORNIX, they lie between the PALPEBRAL PART of the LACRIMAL GLAND AND TARSAL PLATE

A

Glands of Krause

49
Q

Glands of Wolfring is also called?

A

Glands of Ciaccio

  • Larger ito than Gland of Krause
50
Q

Situated in the UPPER BORDER OF THE TARSUS MIDWAY between the END OF THE TARSAL GLANDS

A

Glands of Wolfring

51
Q

ANTERIOR SEGMENT (AS) or POSTERIOR SEGMENT (PS)

1) Contents of Posterior Chamber
2) Contents of Anterior Chamber
3) Uvea
4) Cornea
5) Vitreous Chamber
6) Retinal layers, Posterior sclera

A

1) AS
2) AS
3) PS
4) AS
5) PS
6) PS

HISTOLOGY - 1st Year 1st Sem Comprehensive Exam (22 decks)

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