Chapter 7 (CARTILAGE) - Histoworld Flashcards
What type of basic tissue type is cartilage?
a. Muscle
b. Nervous
c. Cartilage
d. Epithelium
e. Connective tissue
e. Connective tissue
* Of the four basic tissue types (epithelium, connective tissue, muscle and nervous tissue), connective tissue is the most diverse. Cartilage is a type of connective tissue.
How many types of cartilage are there?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
c. 3
* There are three types of cartilage: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage and fibrocartilage.
What do you call the space where a chondrocyte sits in?
a. Space of Disse
b. Space of Mall
c. Vacuole
d. Lacuna
e. Howship’s Lacuna
d. Lacuna
- The space of Disse is in the liver. The space of Disse is also called the perisinusoidal space. It is the space between the liver sinusoids and the hepatocytes.
The space of Mall is also in the liver. The space of Mall is located at the portal canal and is the region between the connective tissue and the liver parenchymal cells. It is the site where lymph is formed within the liver.
A vacuole is a small clear space within an individual cell.
A lacuna is a small space or depression. The space that the chondrocyte rests in is a lacuna.
Howship’s lacuna is seen in bone. Howship’s lacuna is a space seen underneath an osteoclast.
What stain would be best to demonstrate the elastic fibers in elastic cartilage?
a. Wright’s stain
b. Hematoxylin and eosin stain
c. Sudan stain
d. Silver impregnation
e. Resorcin fuchsin and orcein
e. Resorcin fuchsin and orcein
* A peripheral blood smear would be best visualized with Wright’s stain. Hematoxylin and eosin stain is the most commonly used tissue stain for routine histological examination. Lipids are best displayed with a sudan stain. Silver impregnation, such as with a reticular stain, can be used to visualize reticular fibers. Resorcin fuchsin and orcein would best show the elastic fibers in elastic cartilage.
Which type of cartilage is found in the walls of the eustachian tube?
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Elastic cartilage
c. Fibrocartilage
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
b. Elastic cartilage
* Elastic cartilage is found in the walls of the eustachian tube.
Which type of cartilage forms the skeleton of the fetus?
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Elastic cartilage
c. Fibrocartilage
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
a. Hyaline cartilage
* Hyaline cartilage forms the skeleton of the fetus. The cartilage forms a template of the bones. Endochondral ossification will occur during the childhood, replacing the hyaline cartilage with bone.
What type of tissue makes up the “Adam’s apple”?
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Fibrocartilage
c. Elastic cartilage
d. Both a and b
e. Both a and c
a. Hyaline cartilage
* The “Adam’s apple” is a nickname for part of the larynx formed by the thyroid cartilage. The thyroid cartilage is composed of hyaline cartilage.
Which type of cartilage forms the intervertebral disc?
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Elastic cartilage
c. Fibrocartilage
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
c. Fibrocartilage
* Fibrocartilage forms the intervertebral disc.
Which type of cartilage forms the hammer, anvil and stirrup?
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Elastic cartilage
c. Fibrocartilage
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
e. None of the above
* The hammer, anvil and stirrup are the bones in the middle ear. They are made of bone, not cartilage.
Which type of cartilage is characterized by the presence of elastic fibers?
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Elastic cartilage
c. Fibrocartilage
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
b. Elastic cartilage
- Hyaline cartilage is characterized by a glassy matrix.
Elastic cartilage has elastic fibers in the matrix.
Fibrocartilage has thick bundles of collagen fibers in the matrix.
Which type of cartilage is highly vascular?
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Elastic cartilage
c. Fibrocartilage
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
e. None of the above
* All three types of cartilage are composed of chondrocytes residing in lacunae and a hydrous extracellular matrix. All three types of cartilage are avascular.
What cell produces the cartilaginous matrix?
a. Chondrocyte
b. Chondroblast
c. Osteocyte
d. Osteoclast
e. Bone lining cell
b. Chondroblast
* The mature cell in cartilage is a chondrocyte. It rests in a lacunae surrounded by matrix. A chondroblast is an immature cartilage cell which produces the cartilaginous matrix. An osteocyte is a mature bone cell. An osteoclast is a bone cell which is involved in resorption of bone. A bone lining cell is a resting osteoblast.
Which type of cartilage is found in the larynx?
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Elastic cartilage
c. Fibrocartilage
d. Both a and b
e. All of the above
d. Both a and b
* The larynx is composed of several cartilages. The thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, arytenoid cartilages, corniculate cartilages and cuneiform cartilages are all composed of hyaline cartilage. The epiglottis is elastic cartilage. There is no fibrocartilage in the larynx.
Which of the following is NOT a glycosaminoglycan in cartilage?
a. Chondroitin sulfate
b. Proteoglycans
c. Keratan sulfate
d. Hyaluronic acid
e. All of the above are glycosaminoglycans in cartilage
b. Proteoglycans
* Proteoglycans are composed of a protein core and attached glycosaminoglycans.Chondroitin sulfate, keratan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid are all glycosaminoglycans.
Which type of cartilage is characterized by a glassy matrix?
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Elastic cartilage
c. Fibrocartilage
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
a. Hyaline cartilage
