Pregnancy Unit Flashcards
What are the main food groups?
Dairy, protein, fruit, vegetable, grain
What can happen to the baby if the mother is overweight?
Diabetes
What can happen to the baby if the mother is underweight?
Chronic illness
Significant parts of the first trimester
Rapid hormonal and physical changes
Weight gain of 5-10 lbs.
No extra calorie intake
Significant parts of the second trimester
Differences in skin (tone, texture)
Mood swings (depression, anxiety)
Feel baby moving
Heartburn
Extra 340 calories/day
Significant parts of the third trimester
After fully developed (37 weeks) continue weight gain
Doctor appointment every 2 weeks
Fatigue
Abdomen enlarges
Extra 400-500 calorie intake
How long is the zygote phase?
1-2 weeks, probably shorter
What is the zygote phase?
Beginning of a fertilized egg
How long is the embryo phase?
2-8 weeks
What is the embryo phase?
Formation of important systems
How long is the fetus phase?
8 weeks - birth
What is the fetus phase?
Final growth and development
Baby and mother: 1 month
Beginning morning sickness
Size of seed
Eyes, ears, organs forming
Baby and mother: 2 months
Cramping
Sleep issues
Size of bean
Appendages fully formed
Baby and mother: 3 months
Tired
Gaining weight
Size of strawberry
Face develops more fully
Baby and mother: 4 months
Stretch marks
Shortness of breath
Size of avocado
Muscles form
Baby and mother: 5 months
Dizziness
Shortness of breath
Size of banana
Hair begins growing
More muscle development
Baby and mother: 6 months
Headache
Difficulty breathing
Hair changes
Size of ear of corn
Baby and mother: 7 months
Constipation
Pelvic pain
More weight
mood swings
Size of eggplant
Brain, bone, immune system development
Baby and mother: 8 months
Cramps
Fatigue
Anxiety
Braxton Hicks contractions
Size of pineapple
Lungs develop
Eyes and ears fully developed
Baby and mother: 9 months
Itching
Increased urination
Mood swings/stress
Size of pumpkin
Responds to stimuli
Continue maturing
Baby and mother: 10 months
Increased urination
Itching
Mood swings
Size of pumpkin
Respond to stimuli
Continue maturing
Challenges of teen pregnancy
Judgment, possible lack of support (financially or socially), higher risks for complications
Possible support during teen pregnancy
People (family, friends, peers), financial help, educational support
What are some types of prenatal care during pregnancy?
Physical exams, blood tests, weight checks, ultrasounds, general doctor / OB/GYN visits
What are some types of prenatal care before pregnancy?
Stopping alcohol intake, drugs, etc., treating any treatable STDs, stay away from radiation/toxic environments, look through family history for birth defects
How many stages of labor are there?
3
What are the two parts of stage 1 labor?
Early labor and active labor
What happens during stage 1 (early labor)?
Cervix begins growing, water breaks, contractions begin (mild-medium pain)
What happens during stage 1 (active labor)?
Cervix fully dilated, contractions are longer, stronger, sooner, bloody discharge, nausea, most painful
What is stage 1 of labor?
Preparing for birth
What is stage 2 of labor?
Pushing and birthing
What happens during stage 2 of labor?
Lighter contractions, urge to push, crowning, baby position changes, baby goes in and out while being pushed, baby is born!
What is stage 3 of labor?
Afterbirth
What happens during stage 3 of labor?
Slight contractions to deliver placenta, stitch up episiotomy/remove catheter if was had, uterus contracts to seal open veins/stop bleeding
What is the full name for a c-section?
Cesearean
What are the layers in order to go through for a c-section?
Skin, fat, fascia, peritoneum, bladder, uterus, amniotic fluid
How is a c-section different from a natural birth?
C-section: fetus delivered through incision through abdomen and uterus. Longer recovery time
Natural: fetus is delivered through vagina
What are benefits of c-sections?
If planned, can pick birthdate, no contractions/pain during birth, reduces stress/birth trauma to baby, fewer likely complications
Why might c-sections happen?
Labor complications, infant distress, fetus too large, breech, mother has STD passed through skin to skin contact, problems with placenta, pre-eclampsia
What is skin-to-skin contact?
After the baby is born, it should be held by the mother and/or father very soon after without any barriers between. Helps baby regulate and calm down
Why is skin-to-skin contact important?
It generally improves brain development, emotional, and physical health, and builds a stronger connection to parent(s).
