Pregnancy & Abortion

Question 1

Typical duration of a Pregnancy

Answer 1

38 weeks (after conception)

Question 2

Term for # of pregnancies

Answer 2

Gravida

Question 3

What are the 4 values for Parity

Answer 3

a: # full term
b. # preterm
c. # miscarriages/abortions
d. # living children

Question 4

Day ____ after ovulation, the fertilized ovum moves to the Uterus

Answer 4

4

Question 5

Day ____ after ovulation, the fertilized ovum implants into the Uterus

Answer 5

8

Question 6

Signs/Symptoms of Pregnancy

Answer 6

Nausea/Vomiting
Breast tenderness
Pelvic discomfort
Chadwick's sign (blue discoloration of cervix/vagina/labia)
Uterine enlargement

Question 7

Early sign of pregnancy; discoloration of the cervix, vagina and/or labia due to increased blood flow

Answer 7

Chadwick’s sign

Question 8

Hormone of normal pregnancy; produced by syncytiotrophoblast; first detectable 6-12 days after ovulation

Answer 8

bHCG

Question 9

What is the FIRST visible indication of a pregnancy on Ultrasound

Answer 9

Yolk Sac

Question 10

Nonviable pregnancy that is located in the Uterus

Answer 10

Spontaneous Abortion

Question 11

Nonviable pregnancy that is located OUTSIDE the Uterus

Answer 11

Ectopic pregnancy

Question 12

Nonviable intrauterine pregnancy with the potential for MALIGNANT transformation

Answer 12

Molar pregnancy

Question 13

Risk factors for Spontaneous Abortion

Answer 13

Maternal Age
Prior Miscarriage
Smoking
Alcohol/Cocaine
Infections (Listeria, Toxoplasma, Parvo, CMV)
Abnormal Uterus (fibrois, polyps, septum, etc.)

Question 14

Infectious causes of Spontaneous Abortion

Answer 14

Listeria
Toxoplasma
Parvo
Rubella
CMV

Question 15

Medical management for Spontaneous Abortion

Answer 15

Misoprostol
Mifepristone
Surgical dilation and curettage

Question 16

1 cause of Maternal Mortality in the 1st trimester

Answer 16

Ectopic Pregnancy

Question 17

Most common site of Ectopic Pregnancy

Answer 17

Ampulla

Question 18

Risk factors for Ectopic Pregnancy

Answer 18

Hx of ectopic pregnancy
Tubal surgery
PID
IUD
DES exposure

Question 19

Treatment for Ectopic Pregnancy

Answer 19

Methotrexate (inhibit dihydrofolate reductase)

Surgery (salpingectomy vs salpingostomy)

Question 20

Spectrum of disorders with abnormal trophoblast proliferation and maturation, including NEOPLASMS; elevations of HCG; most common example is Hydatidiform Mole

Answer 20

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

Question 21

Most common type of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease; abnormal FERTILIZED egg with edematous villi and abnormal proliferation and atypia; risk factors are age >35, Asian and previous history

Answer 21

Hydatidiform Mole

Question 22

Risk factors for Molar Pregnancy

Answer 22

Age >35
Asian
Prior History

Question 23

The removal of a fetus or embryo from the Uterus before the stage of viability

Answer 23

Abortion/Termination

Question 24

Reasons why someone may want to seek an induced abortion

Answer 24

Unexpected
Life Circumstances
Complications
Maternal/Fetal Health Issues

Question 25

Drugs used for early Medical Abortion

Answer 25

Mifepristone

Misoprostol

Question 26

MOA of Mifepristone (Abortogenic)

Answer 26

ANTIprogestin with a greater affinity for progesterone receptor; causes separation of trophoblast, cervical softening and causes necrosis

Question 27

MOA of Misoprostol (Abortogenic)

Answer 27

Synthetic prostaglandin; promotes uterine contractions and softens cervix