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Reproductive-Week 3/4 > Ovarian Pathology > Flashcards

Ovarian Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Malignant neoplasm of EPITHELIAL cells; examples are adeno- and squamous

A

Carcinoma

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2
Q

Malignant neoplasm of MESODERMAL cells

A

Sarcoma

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3
Q

Cell appearance based on the resemblance of the tumor cell of the tissue of origin

A

Grade

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4
Q

Extent of the disease in the body

A

Stage

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5
Q

General types/origins of ovarian tumors

A

Surface/Epithelial
Sex cord/Stromal
Germ cell

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6
Q

The Corpus Luteum, a normal part of menstruation, has a __________ coloration

A

Yellow

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7
Q

Fibrous scar that forms after the Corpus Luteum degenerates (no implantation of a egg); lasts a few months

A

Corpus Albicans

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8
Q

Histologic findings for Serous Carcinoma

A

Papillary architecture
Nuclear “hob nailing”
Psammoma bodies

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9
Q

Risk factors for EPITHELIAL Ovarian Carcinoma

A 
Age
Nulliparity
Early Menarche
Late Menopause
BRCA1/2 mutation
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10
Q

Protective factors for EPITHELIAL Ovarian Carcinoma

A 
Breast feeding
OCPs
Tubal Ligation
Preganncy
Late Menarche
Early Menopause
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11
Q

Subtypes of Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma (4 total)

A 
Serous (surface epithelium)
Endometroid
Mucinous
Brenner (transitional cell, urothelium, bladder)
Clear cell
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12
Q

Type of EPITHELIAL Ovarian Carcinoma; SOLID nodules with CYSTIC areas with thin serous fluid; can see Nuclear Hobnailing and Psammoma bodies

A

Cystadenocarcinoma

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13
Q

Gross appearance of Cystadenocarcinoma

A

Solid and cystic mass

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14
Q

Type of EPITHELIAL Ovarian Carcinoma; malignant columnar epithelial cells forming multiple smooth glands

A

Endometroid Adenocarcinoma

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15
Q

Histologic findings for Ovarian Endometroid Adenocarcinoma

A

Columnar cells forming numerous glands (but no mucin) (resemble endometrium, just invaginated)

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16
Q

Type of EPITHELIAL Ovarian Carcinoma; multiple malignant cells with CLEAR cytoplasm

A

Clear Cell Carcinoma

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17
Q

Type of EPITHELIAL Ovarian Carcinoma; malignant cells arranged in glandular architecture and filled with tons of MUCIN; appear purple-gray with bubbly cytoplasm

A

Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

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18
Q

Histologic findings for Ovarian Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

A

Malignant columnar cells FILLED with mucin

Purple-gray with bubbly cytoplasm

19
Q

Type of EPITHELIAL Ovarian Carcinoma; SOLID nests of Transitional-like cells (urothelial or bladder-like) encased in fibrous stroma; cells have grooved COFFEE BEAN nuclei

A

Brenner Tumor

20
Q

Histologic findings for Ovarian Brenner tumors

A

Solid bundles of transitional cells
Fibrous capsule
Grooved COFFEE BEAN nuclei

21
Q

Pathogenesis of EPITHELIAL Ovarian Carcinoma

A

Fallopian tube cells or retrograde menstruation dislodge and implant onto Ovarian surface

22
Q

BENIGN Epithelial tumor; Cystic mass with smooth, THIN external surface; simple flat (single layer) of epithelial lining; further divided into serous or mucinous subtypes

A

Cystadenoma

23
Q

Histologic findings for Cystadenoma

A 
Thin external surface
Either ciliated (serous) or mucinous
24
Q

Common BENIGN Sex Cord Stromal tumor; can RARELY cause Meig’s Syndrome (ascites and pleural effusion); composed of fibrous tissue surrounding the smooth muscle spindle cells

A

Ovarian Fibroma

25
Q

Syndrome RARELY seen with Ovarian Fibromas; ascites and pleural effusion due to the filtration of interstitial liquid through ovarian tumor capsule

A

Meig’s Syndrome

26
Q

Sex-Cord Stromal tumors are derived from which cells

A

Granulosa and Theca
Sertoli and Leydig
Fibroblasts

27
Q

MALIGNANT Sex Cord Stromal tumor of Theca cells; enlarged polyhedral cells with abundant cytoplasm and lipid droplets (steroid-secreting cells)

A

Thecomas

28
Q

MOST common MALIGNANT Sex Cord Stromal tumor of Granulosa cells; present with excess ESTROGEN and INHIBIN; solid and lobulated; histology shows Call-Exner bodies (circular clusters) with grooved COFFEE BEAN nuclei

A

Granulosoma

29
Q

Histologic findings for Granulosomas

A

Call-Exner Bodies (circular clusters)

Grooved COFFEE BEAN nuclei

30
Q

Similarity between Brenner tumors (transitional epithelium) and Granulosoma tumors (malignant sex cord)

A

Grooved COFFEE BEAN nuclei

31
Q

Ovarian Germ Cell tumor composed from the embryologic layers (endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm); can be benign (adults) or malignant (children)

A

Teratoma

32
Q

VAST majority of Teratomas in Adults; BENIGN; can see tissue from each embryologic layer (hair, teeth, skin, etc.)

A

Mature Cystic Teratoma (“Dermoid Cyst”)

33
Q

MOST common MALIGNANT Germ Cell tumor; composed of Primordial Germ cells; cells have glycogen-filled cytoplasm (“friend egg” cells) good prognosis with surgery and radiation

A

Dysgerminoma

34
Q

Histologic findings for Dysgerminoma

A

Large polyhedral cells
Large nucleoli
Clear, glycogen-filled cytoplasm (“fried egg” cells)

35
Q

Examples of Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors (5 total)

A 
Teratomas (embryologic layers)
Yolk Sac Tumors*
Dysgerminoma*
Choriocarcinoma*
Embryonal Carcinoma*

*malignant

36
Q

MALIGNANT Germ Cell Tumor; elevated serum AFP; mimic the primitive yolk sac; solid mass of hemorrhage and necrosis grossly; histologic findings are Schiller-Duval bodies (“glomeruloid like bodies”)

A

Yolk Sac Tumor

37
Q

Histologic finding for Yolk Sac Tumor

A

Schiller-Duval bodies (“glomeruloid like bodies”)

38
Q

METASTATIC Ovarian tumor; usually from GI tract tumors (stomach, colon, etc.); signet ring cell morphology; can be associated with intraperitoneal accumulation of mucin

A

Krunkenberg Tumor

39
Q

The Serum marker CA125 is indicative of what Ovarian tumor?

A

Serous/Endometroid

40
Q

The Serum marker CEA is indicative of what Ovarian tumor?

A

Mucinous

41
Q

The Serum marker AFP is indicative of what Ovarian tumor?

A

Yolk Sac Tumor

42
Q

The Serum marker hCG is indicative of what Ovarian tumor?

A

Choriocarcinoma

43
Q

The Serum marker Inhibin is indicative of what Ovarian tumor?

A

Granulosa Cell Tumor

44
Q

The Serum marker LDH is indicative of what Ovarian tumor?

A

Dysgerminoma

Reproductive-Week 3/4 (13 decks)

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