Pregnancy Flashcards
What are some main s/sx of pregnancy
Amenorrhea N/V Breast changes Fetal movement Elevated body temp Skin changes
What is known as “the mask of pregnancy” or darkening of forehead, bridge of nose, cheekbones
Chloasma
What is known as the bluish coloration of the vagina/cervix due to increased congestion of vasculature
Chadwick sign
What is softening of the uterine isthmus
Hegar sign
What is the softening of the tip of the cervix
Goodell’s sign
What is increased vaginal discharge due to hormonal changes
Leukorrhea
When is b-hcg produced by the placenta
8 days after fertilization
How do you difinitivly diagnose a pregnancy
Visualization
Transvaginal US- 3-4 weeks
Trans abd US- 5-6 weeks
When can you hear fetal heart tones
Handheld Doppler at 10-12 weeks
What is a normal fetal heart rate
110-160
How do you determine the gestational age
1st day of LNMP—subtract 3 months, add 7 days and 1 year
How can you determine GA by US
Crown to rump measurement from 6-13 weeks
When is the uterine size palpable at the pubic symphysys
8 weeks
When is the uterine size between the pubic symphysis and umbilicus
16 weeks
When is the uterine size at the umbilical
20 weeks
When can you feel quickening in a pregnancy
18-20 weeks
When are FHT heard on Doppler? How about fetoscope?
Doppler- 10-12 weeks
Fetoscope- 18-20
What do you need to give a pregnant patient to reduce the risk of neural tube defects
Folic acid 0.4-0.8 daily
What genetic testing can be done in the first trimester
US for nucal cord translucency and serum PAPP-A
Screens for Down syndrome and other aneuplodies
What genetic screening can be done in the second trimester
Quad screen and screen for Down syndrome, other aneuplodies, and neural tube defects
What vaccines should be given in pregnancy
Flu, and t-dap in third trimester
What does one need to avoid in the first trimester because of increased risk of neural tube defects
Hot tubs and saunas
When should a pregnant patient no longer fly
After 34 weeks
What can contain high levels of mercury so a pregnant patient should avoid this
Shark, swordfish, tilefish, white tuna
When does a pregnant patient visit their OB
Every 4 weeks up to 28 weeks
Then weekly until birth
What is considered first trimester weeks wise
0-14
What is considered second trimester weeks wise
14-28
What is considered third trimester weeks wise
28-40
When is the first trimester genetic screening age wise
10-12 weeks
When can you preform the quad screen
2nd trimester: 15-18 weeks
When can you preform gender screening with US
18-20 weeks
At what trimester can you feel fetal movements
2nd
When should Rogam be given of Rh-
28 weeks
When do you screen for gestational diabetes
24-28 weeks
When do you test for group B strep screen
35-37 weeks
What do you need to do if a pt test positive on their group B strep screen
Need to treat with PCN during labor and delivery to reduce the risk of transmission
What causes the increase in N/V
Increase in progesterone, estrogen, and B-hcg
When does N/V in pregnancy normally resolve
2nd trimester
What is the treatment for N/V in pregnancy
Smaller more frequent meals
What is the treatment of GERD in a pregnant patient
Behavior modifications and antacids prn
If needed: Sucralfate, Ranitidine, or Omeprazole
What causes constipation in pregnancy
Decreased motility, leading to increased water absorbtion
How do you treat constipation in a pregnant patient
Increase fluids and fiber intake
What can be used to treat back pain in a pregnant patient
Tylenol, heating pads, massage
Can a patient take NSAIDS for a HA while she is pregnant
NO NSAIDS are contraindicated
When can a pregnant pt gets Braxton Hicks contractions
Last 4-8 weeks—there is NO cervical changes
When can lightening happen (when fetal head settles into the brim of pelvis)
2 weeks before labor
