Physiolgy Of Pregnancy Flashcards
What happens to cardiac output (increase or decrease)
Increases by 30-50%
What happens to systemic vascular resistance (increase or decrease)
Decrease BP is low during pregnancy
What happens to blood volume (increase or decrease)
Increases 35-45%
Hct will drop “anemia of pregnancy”
When is a patient at highest risk for VTE during pregnancy
1st 6 weeks post partum; returns to normal by 13-18 weeks
What happens to tidal volume and minute ventatlation (increase or decrease)
Increase by 30-40%
Which increases when pregnant PAO2, PaO2, PACO2 PaCO2
PAO2 and PaO2
What happens to total lung volume (increase or decrease)
Decreases due to elevation on diaphragm
What makes dyspnea worse in pregnancy
Sitting down due to the elevation of the diaphragm and decrease in lung volume
What hormones makes a women have N/V when pregnant
Increased estrogen, progesterone, and hCg
What are some common GI sx one may experiance while pregnant
N/V
GERD
Constipation
Urinary frequency
What happens to a pregnant pts GFR, BUN, and CR (increase or decrease)
GFR increase
BUN and Cr decrease
This is due to the kidneys increased in size and ureters dilate
What do the higher levels of estrogen and progesterone block during pregnancy
FSH and LH to prevent ovulation
What happens to a pregnant pts basal metabolic rate (increase or decrease)
Increase
How many more calories should one be eating while pregnant? What about breastfeeding?
Pregnant: 300 cal
Breast feeding: 500 cal
What is the recommended weight gain for pregnancy
20-25 lbs
What happens to the spine when pregnancy
Exaggerated lordosis
What is it called with there is compression of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Meralgia Paresthetica
What happens to a pts skin when pregnant
Hyperpigmentation due to increased alpha-myocytes
Where is the hyperpigmetation most common to happen and what is it called
Along abdominal midline - Linea Nigra
What stimulates the growth of the ducts
Estrogen
What stimulates the growth of the breast lobules
Progesterone
What are the mammary glands made of
Modified sweat glands
What hormone suppresses milk during pregnancy
Progesterone
What hormone produces milk
Prolactin
Where is prolactin produced
Anterior pituitary gland
What stimulates the milk to “let down”
Infant suckling and nipple stimulation
What is produced in the posterior pituitary gland
Oxytocin
What helps to let the milk “let down” and may cause uterine contractions
Oxytocin
How long does lactogeneisis take after delivery
2-3 days
Before milk is being produced, what is first given to the baby
Thicker, yellow creamy colostrum is secreted first
What is produced in the adrenal glands that responds to stress
Cortisol
What can delay lactogenisis if it is too high
Cortisol
How long after breastfeeding does it take for the breast to regress back to normal
3 months
What remains in the breast after breastfeeding that may leave them slightly larger than pre-pregnancy size
Fatty and connective tissue
