Physiolgy Of Pregnancy

Question 1

What happens to cardiac output (increase or decrease)

Answer 1

Increases by 30-50%

Question 2

What happens to systemic vascular resistance (increase or decrease)

Answer 2

Decrease BP is low during pregnancy

Question 3

What happens to blood volume (increase or decrease)

Answer 3

Increases 35-45%

Hct will drop “anemia of pregnancy”

Question 4

When is a patient at highest risk for VTE during pregnancy

Answer 4

1st 6 weeks post partum; returns to normal by 13-18 weeks

Question 5

What happens to tidal volume and minute ventatlation (increase or decrease)

Answer 5

Increase by 30-40%

Question 6

Which increases when pregnant PAO2, PaO2, PACO2 PaCO2

Answer 6

PAO2 and PaO2

Question 7

What happens to total lung volume (increase or decrease)

Answer 7

Decreases due to elevation on diaphragm

Question 8

What makes dyspnea worse in pregnancy

Answer 8

Sitting down due to the elevation of the diaphragm and decrease in lung volume

Question 9

What hormones makes a women have N/V when pregnant

Answer 9

Increased estrogen, progesterone, and hCg

Question 10

What are some common GI sx one may experiance while pregnant

Answer 10

N/V
GERD
Constipation
Urinary frequency

Question 11

What happens to a pregnant pts GFR, BUN, and CR (increase or decrease)

Answer 11

GFR increase
BUN and Cr decrease
This is due to the kidneys increased in size and ureters dilate

Question 12

What do the higher levels of estrogen and progesterone block during pregnancy

Answer 12

FSH and LH to prevent ovulation

Question 13

What happens to a pregnant pts basal metabolic rate (increase or decrease)

Answer 13

Increase

Question 14

How many more calories should one be eating while pregnant? What about breastfeeding?

Answer 14

Pregnant: 300 cal

Breast feeding: 500 cal

Question 15

What is the recommended weight gain for pregnancy

Answer 15

20-25 lbs

Question 16

What happens to the spine when pregnancy

Answer 16

Exaggerated lordosis

Question 17

What is it called with there is compression of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Answer 17

Meralgia Paresthetica

Question 18

What happens to a pts skin when pregnant

Answer 18

Hyperpigmentation due to increased alpha-myocytes

Question 19

Where is the hyperpigmetation most common to happen and what is it called

Answer 19

Along abdominal midline - Linea Nigra

Question 20

What stimulates the growth of the ducts

Answer 20

Estrogen

Question 21

What stimulates the growth of the breast lobules

Answer 21

Progesterone

Question 22

What are the mammary glands made of

Answer 22

Modified sweat glands

Question 23

What hormone suppresses milk during pregnancy

Answer 23

Progesterone

Question 24

What hormone produces milk

Answer 24

Prolactin

Question 25

Where is prolactin produced

Answer 25

Anterior pituitary gland

Question 26

What stimulates the milk to “let down”

Answer 26

Infant suckling and nipple stimulation

Question 27

What is produced in the posterior pituitary gland

Answer 27

Oxytocin

Question 28

What helps to let the milk “let down” and may cause uterine contractions

Answer 28

Oxytocin

Question 29

How long does lactogeneisis take after delivery

Answer 29

2-3 days

Question 30

Before milk is being produced, what is first given to the baby

Answer 30

Thicker, yellow creamy colostrum is secreted first

Question 31

What is produced in the adrenal glands that responds to stress

Answer 31

Cortisol

Question 32

What can delay lactogenisis if it is too high

Answer 32

Cortisol

Question 33

How long after breastfeeding does it take for the breast to regress back to normal

Answer 33

3 months

Question 34

What remains in the breast after breastfeeding that may leave them slightly larger than pre-pregnancy size

Answer 34

Fatty and connective tissue