Pregnancy Flashcards
How common is early bleeding in pregnancy?
- 20% experience
Symptoms of a miscarriage?
- period type cramps
- bleeding
Investigations for a miscarriage?
- USS
- Speculum (OS open or closed)
Types of miscarriage?
- threatened
- inevitable
- incomplete
- complete
- missed
Management of a miscarriage?
- conservative
- medical
- manual vacuum aspiration
- surgical
What is given prior to miscarriage surgery?
- Anti-D
Causes of recurrent miscarriage?
- age
- APS
- Thrombophillia
- uterine abnormality
Pathology of molar pregnancy?
- swollen chorionic villi
What is a risk associated with complete molar pregnancy?
- transformation to choriocarcinoma
What is a chorionic haematoma?
- blood pool between endometrium and embryo
Symptoms of ectopic pregnancy?
- pain>bleeding
- dizziness
- collapse
- shoulder pain
Management of ectopic pregnancy?
- surgical
- medical - methotrexate
Treatment of bacterial vaginosis?
- metrondiazole
Treatment of chlamydia?
- erythromycin
- amoxicillin
What is hyperemesis gravidarum?
- excessive vomiting in pregnancy
Risks associated with hyperemesis gravidarum?
- dehydration
- ketosis
Treatment in hyperemesis gravidarum?
- rehydration
- anti-emetic
- TPN
- Steroids in severe cases?
Treatment for rhesus negative mothers?
- Anti-D
Unplanned pregnancy complications - continuing pregnancy?
- increased preterm birth
- low birthweight
- increased postpartum depression
- reduced breastfeeding rates
Clause C for abortion?
- 23+6weeks
- pregnancy continues = greater risk than if terminated
Clause E for abortion?
- no gestational limit
- substantial risk if the child was born
Certificate A refers to what?
- main certificate for abortion
- 2 doctors assess
- emergency = 1 doctor
Medical abortion drugs?
- mifepristone (1st)
- misoprostol (24-48hrs after)
Medical abortion timeline?
- <12 weeks = self-administered
- > 12 weeks = repeated misoprostol doses
- up to 21+6weeks
Mifepristone drug?
- anti-progesterone
Misoprostol drug?
- given 24-48hrs after mifepristone
- prostaglandin
Medical abortion time limit?
- 21 + 6
Surgical methods of abortion?
- cervical priming via misoprostol or osmotic dilators
- electric vacuum
- manual vacuum aspiration
- dilation and evacuation (>14wks)
Complications of abortion?
- haemorrhage
- blood transfusion
- failed abortion
- infection
- uterine perforation
- cervical traum
- anti-d
- VTE prophylaxis
VTE prophylaxis for high risk women in abortion?
- LMWH
