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MSRA > Pre exam flashcards > Flashcards

Pre exam flashcards

1
Q

Beta blocker side effects

A
  • Bronchospasm
  • Fatigue
  • Cold peripheries
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2
Q

Cephalohaematoma vs Caput Succadeneum

A

Cephalo- associated with instrument deliveries, does not cross suture lines
Caput - prolonged labour and resolve ina couple of days

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3
Q

lorazepam key side effect

A

anterograde amnesia

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4
Q

ciprofloxacin and epilepsy

A

can reduce seizure threshold

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5
Q

Patau Syndrome

A

Microcephalic,small eyes, cleft lip, polydactyly, scalp lesions

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6
Q

Edwards Syndrome(Trisome 18)

A

Micrognathia(small Jaw),Low set ears,rocker bottom feet, overlapping fingers

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7
Q

Fragile X

A

Learning difficulties, Long face, long ears, Macro-orchidism, macroorchidism

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8
Q

Pierre-Robin syndrome

A

Micrognathia, Posterior displacement of tongue, cleft lip

sounds very french symptoms.

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9
Q

Prader Willi

A

Hypotonia, Hypogonadism,Obesity

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10
Q

Williams syndrome

A

Short stature, Learning difficulties, Friendly extrovert, Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis

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11
Q

avoid oxybutynin in elderly because

A

increased risk of falls

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12
Q

Furunculosis

A

infection hair follicle, staph infection, pain exacerbated by pressure on tragus or movement of the pinna

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13
Q

Rotator cuff tear

A

crepitus over subacromial area. , x-ray bony avulsion, MOI:hyperabduction/hyperextension

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14
Q

Gingival hyperplasia drugs

A

Ciclosporin, Ca Channel drugs, ciclosporin

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15
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

LH is depressed, normal ESR, hypokalaemia, raised cortisol and growth hormone

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16
Q

Friebergs

A

12-15y, girls, pain on wt bearing

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17
Q

Splenectomy risk of which bacterial infections

A

encapsulated- SHiN SKiS)- Strep pneumo, Haemophilus influenza, Neisseria meningitidis. GBs, Klebsiella, Salmonella Typhi

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18
Q

Pinna cellulitis vs Pinna perichondritis

A

Cellulits does not spare the ear lobe- perichondritis does.

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19
Q

Stress fracture

A

army man , tender lump on dorsum of foot

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20
Q

Maisonneuve fracture

A

spiral fracture of proximal fibula and associated fracture of medial malleolus.

21
Q

Quincy-

A

usual causative organism is strep pyogenes. Can spread to neck tissue and cause nec fasc

22
Q

COPD management

A

NICE approach- asthma steroid responsive or not- steroid responsive- LABA+ ICS, non steroid responsive- LABA+LAMA

23
Q

Erysipelas

A

common cause is strep pyogenes-

24
Q

Subclinical hypothyroidism

A

high TSH, normal T4- need to repeat in 3 months to confirm diagnosis and start thyroxine if TSH>10, autoimmune profile, previous graves

25
Q

Lymphogranuloma venereum

A

painless genital ulcers with lymphadenopathy

26
Q

Haemophilus Ducreyi

A

painful genital ulcers.

27
Q

Acute haemolytic transfusion reaction

A

fever, chills, flushing, nausea , chest tightness after a small amount of blood is transfused- usuallly abo incompatibility

28
Q

Acromegaly

A

causes bilateral carpal tunnel

29
Q

Nitrofurantoin, Amiodarone, Methotrexate, bleomycin

A

Drug induced pulmonary fibrosis

30
Q

anti mitochondrial-management- ursodeoxycholic acid-improves symptoms reduce progression, Itching- cholestyramine

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis antibody

31
Q

Anticentromere-

A

CREST syndrome

32
Q

demeclocycline, lithium,

A

Drugs that cause nephrogenic diabetes insipiduS

33
Q

Management of nephrogenic diabetes insipidu

A

thiazide diuretics, large dose desmopressin, NSAIDs- indomethacin

34
Q

Drugs that cause gynaecomastia:

A

Digoxin, ketoconazole, spironolactone, Cimetidine, finasteride

35
Q

no of times getting pregnant

A

Gravida

36
Q

disturbance of renal tubular transport. Leads to aminoaciduria, glycosuria, phosphaturia , RICKETS(leg bowing, frontal bossing)- keyword cystinosis

A

Fanconi Syndrome

37
Q

rubbery subcutaneous swelling that appears on the lateral aspect of the eyebrow

A

Dermoid Cyst

38
Q

mobile subcutaneous lump that fluctuates in size and has a defined punctum

A

Sebaceous cyst

39
Q

SSRI for obese people

A

Fluoxetine

40
Q

Liver pathology with dry eyes(sicca syndrome)

A

primary biliary cirrhosis

41
Q

Type I - Anaphylactic

A
  • Anaphylaxis

* Atopy (e.g. asthma, eczema and hayfever)

42
Q

Type II - Cell bound

A
  • Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
  • ITP
  • Goodpasture’s syndrome
  • Pernicious anaemia
  • Acute haemolytic transfusion reactions
  • Rheumatic fever
  • Pemphigus vulgaris / bullous pemphigoid
43
Q

Type III - Immune complex

A
  • Serum sickness
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
  • Extrinsic allergic alveolitis (especially acute phase)
44
Q

Type IV - Delayed hypersensitivity

A
  • Tuberculosis / tuberculin skin reaction
  • Graft versus host disease
  • Allergic contact dermatitis
  • Scabies
  • Extrinsic allergic alveolitis (especially chronic phase)
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Guillain-Barre syndrome
45
Q

thiazide diuretics - effect on calcium

A

decrease ca secretion in kidneys - hypercalcaemia

46
Q

behcets vs buergers

A

Behcets triad- oral ulcers, genital ulcers and anterior uveitis
buergers- thromboangitis obliterans

47
Q

causes of livedo reticularis

A

RA, sle, Polyarteritis nodosa, polymyositis, raynauds

48
Q

earliest sign of diabetic retinopathy

A

microaneuyrsm

MSRA (14 decks)

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