general surgery

Question 1

atelectasis(time post-op, symptoms, prevention, complication)

Answer 1

1) 48 hours post op
2) SOB, pyrexia
3) deep breathing, regular positional changes
4) pneumonia

Question 2

Anastomotic leak(can also be delayed 5-10 days)

Answer 2

1) within 48 hours
2) shock, abdo pain, sepsis

5-10 days
1) intermittent fever, mild leucocytosis or vague abdominal discomfort.

Question 3

refeeding syndrome defintion

Answer 3

electrolyte imbalances brought on by sudden introduction of nutrition

Question 4

refeeding syndrome symptoms

Answer 4

severe lethargy, weakness, SOB and atrial fibrillation

Question 5

dressing for arterial ulcers

Answer 5

hydrocolloid dressing

Question 6

ulcer with sepsis- plan

Answer 6

IV abx

Question 7

Ulcer with the start of necrosis plan

Answer 7

Debridement- surgically or maggot therapy

Question 8

gauchers disease

Answer 8

lipid laden macrophages on bone marrow- jewish people pancytopenia

Question 9

risk factors for Acute mesenteric ischaemia

Answer 9

1) atrial fibrillation
2) hypercholesterolaemia
3) severe hypotension(secondary to MI or shock)- reduced blood flow.
4) intra-abdominal tumour

Question 10

sebaceous cyst

Answer 10

• has a visible punctum- as it arises froma blocked hair follicle
• scalp neck and back

Question 11

Keratocanthoma

Answer 11

• benign tumour that appears in sun-exposed areas

- lump with a central core of keratin

Question 12

ganglion key investigation on questions

Answer 12

transilluminates
(cyst that arises from joints that contain synovial fluid)- presents as a lump- dorsal aspect not painful but patient is uncomfortable

Question 13

Criteria for bariatric surgery

Answer 13

BMI>40

BMI 35-40 with co-morbidities that will benefit from weight loss(eg: diabetes)

Question 14

why is acanthosis nigricans worrying?

Answer 14

GI malignancy

Question 15

What is mycosis fungoides associated with(dry itchy plaques)

Answer 15

cutaneous form of T-cell lymphoma