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MSRA > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

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1
Q

Acute management of migraines

A

Sumatriptan

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2
Q

Prophylactic management of migraine

A

Propanolol

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3
Q

treatment of dyskinesia in parkinsons

A

amantadine

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4
Q

damage to the 6th nerve causes which loss of function

A

weakness in abduction

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5
Q

oculomotor nerve findings-(3)

A
  • down and out position
  • mydriasis(pupil dilation)
  • ptosis
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6
Q

diplopia when coming downstairs- contralateral side. which nerve and which damage

A

trochlear nerve

superior oblique muscle- affected by injury

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7
Q

pregnancy safe anti-epileptic

A

carbamazepine

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8
Q

common side effect of sodium valproate

A

weight gain

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9
Q

webers lateralises to the left- sensorineural or conductive

A

sensorineural

rinnes is conductive and when positive, it is normal. which means the deficit is sensorineural

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10
Q

when to stop taking anti-epileptics with regards to pregnancy

A

stop if fit free for 24 months

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11
Q

Drawing up of legs, infantile spasms
Associated with maternal asphyxia
3-8 months old

A

West’s syndrome

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12
Q

persistent cough, dyspnoea, ankle swelling, and abdominal tenderness, pulmonary fibrosis -has parkinsons- which drug

A

bromocriptine

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13
Q

procyclidine hydrochloride side effects(similar to ace inhibitor side effects)

A

confusion, agitation and sleeplessness.
dilated pupils-unreactive to light
tachycardia
auditory and visual hallucinations

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14
Q

non alcoholic cause of acute wernickes encephalopathy

A

bariatric surgery

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15
Q

wasting of dorsal interosseous,abductor digiti minimi muscles, and the first dorsal interosseous muscle between the index finger and thumb

A

ulnar nerve lesion

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16
Q

loss of dorsiflexion, loss of eversion,loss of sensation in lateral aspects of the leg

A

common peroneal nerve(damage to the fibula damages this nerve)

17
Q

saturday night palsy symptoms

A

numbness in the back of hand, wrist and finger drop- affected by upper arm compression as the radial nerve winds around the humerus.

18
Q

radiculopathy causes(3)

A
  • whiplash injury
  • tumours
  • herpes zoster infection
19
Q

define radiculopathy

A

specific dermatome affected-pain/paraesthesia

20
Q

acute close angle glaucoma

A
  • increase in intraocular pressure

- symptoms- sudden onset left eye pain after walking into a darkened room- semi dilated pupil

21
Q

management of cluster headaches

A

acute- oxygen+ sumatriptan

chronic- verapamil

22
Q

causes of ataxia

A

cerebellar lesion
proprioceptive loss
hypothyroidism-reversible

23
Q

define focal dystonia

A

involuntary muscle contractions, abnormal postures

24
Q

Menieres disease triad

A

tinnitus, vertigo and senorineural hearing loss+- aural fullness

25
Q

brown sequard syndrome symptoms

A

ipsilateral weakness, loss of proprioception, and vibration sensation
Contralateral pain and temperature loss

26
Q

most common cause of stroke in children

A

sickle-cell anaemia(watch out for african history)

can be precipitated by infection, dehydration, cold temperatures, exertion or ischaemia

27
Q

what shortens duration and severity of relapse in MS

A

Methylprednisolone(500-1g)

28
Q

what reduces rate of relapse in MS

A

DMARDS- interferon, Natalizumab

29
Q

prochlorperazine- MOA , key side effect name

A
  • dopamine blocker

- drug induced parkinsonism

30
Q

Risk factors for Bells palsy

A
  • HSV
  • VZV
  • DM
  • acute coryza
  • pregnancy
31
Q

untreated HIV +ve person with tuberculosis - not sticking with treatment

A

tuberculoma

32
Q

neurofibromatosis type 2 - inheritance pattern

- most common tumours

A
  • autosommal dominant

- acoustic neuromas

33
Q

riluzole - what is it

  • when is it use
  • why is used
A
  • glutamate antagonist
  • amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • prolong time to ventilation and tracheostomy by 3 months
34
Q

urgent MRI scans red flags back pain

A
  • <20 >55
  • patients with increasing pain
  • patients with loss of sensation in more than one dermatome or weakness in more than one myotome
35
Q

most common inherited neurological disorder

A

charcot marie tooth syndrome(clumsy, often falls, pes cavus , inverted champagne bottle calves)

36
Q

management options of myasthenia gravis

A

medical: pyridostigmine(prolongs the action of acetylcholine at the NMJ), azathioprine, corticosteroids and plasma exchange
Surgical: thymectomy

37
Q

emg shows fibrillation/fasciculation- what to suspect

A

motor neuron disease

38
Q

Neurofibromatosis type 1 features

A
  • dermal neuro fibromas-cafe au lait spots
  • lisch nodules(iris)
  • malignant brain tumours-(often astrocytomas of the optic nerve)
  • mild learning disability

MSRA (14 decks)

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