Practical 1 Flashcards
What is the highest point of the clavicle called?
Acromion (Acropolis; highest point of city)
What is the fusion of two bones called?
Synostosis
What thoracic vertebrae is the jugular notch at the level of?
T3
What thoracic vertebrae is the sternal angle at the level of?
T4
How many cervical vertebrae?
7
How many thoracic vertebrae?
12
How many lumbar vertebrae?
5
How many sacral vertebrae?
5
What is the name of the ribs that are connected to the sternum? What about the others?
True ribs; others are false
What cavities are the lung present in?
Pulmonary cavity
What is contained in the mediastinum?
- Heart
- Oesophagus
- Trachea
- Blood vessels
- Nerves
What are the four subdivisions of the pleura?
- Cervical pleura
- Costachondral pleura
- Diaphragmatic pleura
- Mediastinal pleura
What is the border of the superior and inferior mediastinum?
Sternal angle
List some structures in the superior mediastinum?
- Oesophagus
- Trachea
- Vagus Nerve
What are the three compartments of the inferior mediastinum
- Anterior (anterior to pericardium, posterior to sternum)
- Middle (Pericardium, heart, ascending aorta, main bronchi)
- Posterior (Descending aorta, oesophagus, vagus nerves)
What are the surface anatomical borders of the heart?
Right Superior: 3rd costal cartilage
Left Superior: 2nd cosal cartilage
Left Inferior: Apex (5th intercostal mid-clav)
Right Inferior: 6 costal cartilage
Which arteries supply the first and second intercostal spaces?
Superior intercostal arteries
Which arteries supply the 3rd-11th intercostal spaces?
Posterior and anterior intercostal arteries
Do posterior intercostal arteries travel posterior or anterior to the sympathetic trunk?
Posterior
Where do the posterior intercostal arteries branch from?
The thoracic aorta
Where do the anterior intercostal arteries branch from?
Internal thoracic arteries
Describe the costal notches
Indentations in the lateral aspect of the sternum for costal cartilage
Head of rib
Lies next to vertebrae
Neck of rib
Between head and tubercle
Tubercle of rib
Bump between neck and body
Angle of rib
On proximal rib; area of greatest bending
Pedicle of vertebrae
Connects body to projections
Vertebral foramen
Hole in vertebrae; allows for spinal cord
Laminae of vertebrae
Provides “roof” for posterior aspect of spinal cord
