PPT_2Q_BIO1 Flashcards
A set of chemical compounds that have an intense colour and are used in the colouring of other materials.
Biological Pigments or Biochromes
- insoluble in water
- appear as ground particles in solid form.
Biological Pigments or Biochromes
Found in plants and animals.
Biological Pigments or Biochromes
Begins with the absorption of light energy by a specialized form of organic molecules, pigments.
Photosynthesis
A process that capture light energy and convert it into sugars.
Photosynthesis
plays a vital role in the biological process, photosynthesis.
Chlorophylls
Types of Pigments in Plants
Ch_________
Ca_________
B________
F________
Chlorophylls
Carotenoids
Betalains
Flavonoids
Types of Chlorophylls
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll c
Chlorophyll d
Chlorophyll e
Stimulates photosynthesis by reflecting green light and absorbed violet - blue and orange - red light.
Chlorophylls
Primary photosynthetic pigments.
Chlorophylls a and b
- Contains methyl group in the third position of its chlorin ring
- Principal pigment that captures sunlight for photosynthesis
- Absorbs violet- blue and orange- red light from the spectrum
- Reflects blue green in color
- Found in all plants, algae, and cyanobacteria
Chlorophyll a
- Contains an aldehyde group in the third position of its chlorin ring
- Accessory pigments that collects sunlight and passes it into Chlorophyll a
- Absorbs orange- red light from the spectrum
- Reflects yellow green in color
- Found in all plants and green algae
Chlorophyll b
found in certain photosynthetic Chromista and in some marine algae.
Chlorophyll c
- Antioxidant
- Source of vitamin A.
- promote good eyesight in humans
Carotenoids
found only in red algae.
Chlorophyll d
- Very rare
- Found in golden algae.
Chlorophyll e
- capture light energy and transfer it to the chlorophyll a
- protect the photosynthetic system from the damaging effects of ultraviolet light.
Carotenoids
- provide visual cues for animal pollinators and seed dispersers to locate their targets.
- play a role in the colors of ripening fruit
- antioxidant
Flavonoids
- regulates the growth and division of your cells
- helps your body produce white blood cells
- plays a role in remodeling bone
Carotenoids
- help in lower cholesterol levels.
- utilized as dyes
- use as dietary supplements in most of the food products.
Flavonoids
- play an important role in attracting animals to flowers and fruit.
- food colorants
Betalains
Where can you find this pigments?
Inside a plastid
- It is a double membrane organelle found in plants and algae.
- Resposible in manufacturing and storing food
Plastid
TYPES OF PLASTIDS
C______________
C__________
G_________
L_________
Chloroplasts – chlorophyll
Chromoplasts – ageing chloroplasts, other pigments
Gerontoplasts – aged chromoplasts
Leucoplasts – found in roots and stems. Storage of starch, proteins, and lipids.
Parts of a chloroplast
Outer and Inner Membrane
Stroma
Stroma lamellae
Granum
Thylakoid
Outer and inner covering of the chloroplast.
Outer and Inner Membrane
- Space between the thylakoid and inner membrane
- Site of the Calvin cycle phase of photosynthesis
Stroma
- Skeleton of the chloroplast
- Separate stacks of thylakoid
Stroma lamellae
Stacks of thylakoid
Granum
- Contains the photosystem of the chloroplast
- Made up of pigments and proteins that absorb light energy
- Chlorophyll and carotenoids
Thylakoid
Site of the light dependent phase of photosynthesis
Thylakoid
