MODULE 2 Flashcards
Cells contain small membrane bound structures called ___________ that performs specific functions.
Organelles
Cells have different parts called __________.
Organelles
These organelles are suspended in ___________ which is a viscous liquid found inside the cell membrane.
Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm houses the different organelles.
The cytoplasm houses the different organelles.
The _________ is important to the life of the cell.
Nucleus
It is commonly known as the
“brain of the cell”.
The nucleus
It contains and stores all the genetic information for manufacturing proteins and responsible for controlling all cellular activities.
The nucleus
The ___________ is a network of strands that condenses and undergoes coiling into rod-like structures called ____________.
Chromatin, Chromosomes
Is a dark region of chromatin where a type of RNA, called ribosomal RNA (rRNA), is produced, and joins with proteins to form the subunits of ribosomes.
Nucleolus
Contains DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid), histones and some RNA (Ribonucleic Acid).
Chromatin
It is a double membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
Nuclear envelope
The nuclear envelope has _______________ to permit the passage of RNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm, and the passage of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.
Nuclear pores
It serves as the storage of genetic materials such as DNA and
RNA.
Nucleus
It controls other organelles by facilitating cell growth, cell division,
and protein synthesis.
Nucleus
Are also known as the “protein factories of the cell”.
Ribosomes
They are mainly responsible for protein synthesis in the cells.
Ribosomes
They are usually dispersed in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Ribosomes
are composed of one large subunit and one small subunit.
Ribosomes
The number of ____________ in a cell varies depending on its functions.
Ribosomes
receives vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum along the cis face.
Golgi Apparatus
___________ receive mRNA from the nucleus, and this nucleic acid carries a coded message from DNA.
Ribosomes
consists of the three major organelles that work together to perform different tasks such as packaging, producing, and exporting certain cellular products.
Endomembrane System
consists of complicated system of membranous channels and flattened vesicles which is physically continuous to the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
is studded with ribosomes on the side of the membrane that faces the cytoplasm. It is responsible for synthesizing proteins.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
responsible for synthesizing lipids, such as phospholipids and steroids.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
forms vesicles in which large molecules are transported to other parts of the cell.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
are a stack of curved, flattened sacs, which can be compared to a pile of pancakes.
Golgi Apparatus (Dictyosomes)
are membrane-bounded vesicles produced by the Golgi apparatus.
Lysosomes
are very acidic and contain powerful hydrolytic digestive enzymes that require a low–pH environment.
Lysosomes
are responsible for recycling cellular material and destroying
invading viruses and bacteria.
Lysosomes
is a double membrane-bound organelle that is responsible for supplying and storing energy for the cell.
Mitochondrion
Lysosomes also participate in a programmed cell death called ___________ which is a normal part of development.
Apoptosis
It is often called the “powerhouse
of the cell.”
Mitochondrion (Mitochondria, plural)
Mitochondrion produces most of the ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) which is used by the cell through the process called _______________.
Cellular respiration
It is where the synthesis of energy in the form of ATP takes place which is required for other cell organelles to function.
Mitochondrion
Mitochondria also help in the balancing of cations within the cell and assists the process of _____________.
Apoptosis
It is a convenient way of removing cells that should not be longer part of the cell.
Apoptosis
It is also known as “cellular suicide”.
Apoptosis
A __________ contains a series of internal membrane or vesicles.
Chloroplast
Mitochondria in the liver can detoxify ___________.
Ammonia
Are plant and algal organelles that are bounded by a double
membrane.
Chloroplasts
A chloroplast contains a series of internal membrane or vesicles. It contains DNA and chlorophyll which carry on photosynthesis. Its double membrane encloses a large space called _________.
Stroma
are membrane-bounded vesicles that encloses enzymes.
Peroxisomes
The enzymes in the _____________ are synthesized by free ribosomes and transported into the ____________.
Peroxisomes, cytoplasm
Each peroxisome also carries enzymes which results in the formation of ______________.
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
Peroxisomes can also detoxify some products of _____________.
Photosynthesis.
Cell Organelle
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi apparatus
- Peroxisomes
- Mitochondrion
- Vesicle
- Lysosome
- Centrioles
- Nucleus
