4 Mechanism of Evolution

Question 1

It is an inherited trait that increases an organism’s chance of surviving and reproducing in an environment

Answer 1

Adaptation

Question 2

Types of adaptation

Answer 2

Structural adaptations
Behavioral adaptation
Functional adaptation

Question 3

MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION

Answer 3

Natural Selection
Artificial selection
Mutation
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow

Question 4

is the process by which population of organisms with variations that help them survive in the environments live longer, compete better, and reproduce more than those that do not have the variation.

Answer 4

Natural selection

Question 5

Explains how populations change as their environments change.

Answer 5

Natural selection

Question 6

• A slight difference in an inherited trait of individual members of a species
• Occur in the offspring as a result of sexual reproduction

Answer 6

Variation

Question 7

Stages of Natural Selection

Answer 7

Reproduction
Variation
Competition
Selection

Question 8

ELEMENTS OF EVOLUTION BY NATURAL SELECTION

Answer 8

Competition
Variation
Heritability
Iteration

Question 9

Many more individuals are born than survive

Answer 9

COMPETITION

Question 10

Individuals vary in traits directly related to their ability to survive and reproduce

Answer 10

VARIATION

Question 11

These advantageous traits are passed onto offspring

Answer 11

HERITABILITY

Question 12

This process is repeated generation after generation over long periods of time

Answer 12

ITERATION

Question 13

Is the identification of desirable traits in plants and animals, and the steps taken to enhance and perpetuate those traits in future generations.

Answer 13

Artificial selection

Question 14

The breeding of organisms for desired characteristics is called

Answer 14

Selective breeding

Question 15

caused by random mutations or change in genes.

Answer 15

Variation

Question 16

Mutation can lead to changes in

Answer 16

Phenotype

Question 17

A change in the frequency of gene variants, alleles, in a population over generations.

Answer 17

Microevolution

Question 18

Formation of new groups or species, and happens over long time periods

Answer 18

Macroevolution

Question 19

The change in the gene pool of a small population that takes place strictly by chance.

Answer 19

Genetic Drift

Question 20

2 Types of Genetic Drift

Answer 20

Bottleneck effect
Founder effect

Question 21

A sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events

Answer 21

Bottleneck effect

Question 22

A small group of individuals colonize a new habitat

Answer 22

Founder effect

Question 23

The movement of alleles into or out of a population

Answer 23

Gene Flow

Question 24

Population’s genetic variation increases when alleles are added to the population.

Answer 24

Migration

Question 25

Population’s genetic variation decreases when alleles leave.

Answer 25

Emigration

Question 26

Published his work in the Transactions of the Brunn Society of Natural History in 1866.

Answer 26

Gregor Mendel