M10 TRANSPORT MECHANISMS Flashcards
Movement of solutes to an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Simple Diffusion
Difference in concentration of polar solutes between 2 areas.
Example:
ions
glucose
Facilitated Diffusion
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
2 TYPES
1. C_________ m_________ diffusion
L______ C________
G_____ C________
2. C_________ m_________ d___________
- Channel mediated diffusion
Leak Channel
Gated Channel - Carrier mediated diffusion
Passive movement of solvent through a selectively permeable membrane
Osmosis
2 channel used during osmosis across a cell membrane
- Lipid bilayer
- Aquaporin – Protein Channel
Requires cellular energy
Active processes
2 types of active processes
- Active Transport
- Vesicular Transport
Movement of solute against the concentration gradient
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
2 types of active transport
- Primary Active transport
- Secondary Active transport
- Uses transmembrane channels known as ions pumps
- Move against the concentration.
- Low concentration to high concentration
- Require energy (ATP)
Primary Active Transport
High to low concentration,
will produce energy that will let the movement of a molecule from low concentration to high concentration
Secondary Active Transport
Primary Active Transport – Ion pump step by step process
- ATP will attach and stimulate/ change the shape of the ion pump
- ATP will allow 3 Na ion into the pump
- ATP will change into ADP and P
- ADP will be released back into the cytoplasm as P will remain attach to the pump
- Na ions will travel out of the pump
- P will attract 2 K ions into the pump
- K ions will travel out of the pump
- P will be released
- Pump will go back to its original shape.
2 Types of Secondary Active Transport
- Antiport
- Symport
2 substances are move in the same direction
Symport/ Symporter
2 substances are move in the opposite direction
Antiport
- Uses transport Vesicle a membranous sac that is found in the cytoplasm
Vesicular Transport
- Movement of large molecules (proteins and polysaccharides)
Vesicular Transport
2 types of vesicular transport
- Exocytosis
- Endocytosis
3 types of Endocytosis
P__________
Pi___________
R_________ m__________ E__________
- Phagocytosis
- Pinocytosis
- Receptor mediated Endocytosis
Use of vesicles to move large molecules inside the cell
Phagocytosis
Use of vesicles to move interstitial fluid with solutes (small molecules mixed with water) inside the cell.
Pinocytosis
Uses receptors (carbohydrates) attached in the lipid bilayer to move certain/special molecules into the cells
Receptor Mediated Endocytosis
