PPT Notes:Lab 1 Flashcards
tendon
muscle to bone
Standard anatomical body position
- Body erect
- Feet slightly apart
- Palms forward
Cephalic (Anterior/Ventral)
FONBOM
- Frontal
- Orbital
- Nasal
- Buccal
- Oral
- Mental
Cervical (Anterior/Ventral)
Neck area
Thoracic (Anterior/Ventral)
AMS
- Axillary>Armpit
- Mammary>Breast
- Sternal
Abdominal (Anterior/Ventral)
- Umbilical
Pelvic (Anterior/Ventral)
- Inguinal (groin; superior to pubic/genital region)
Pubic (Anterior/Ventral)
- Genital
Upper Limb (Anterior/Ventral)
ABAAC
- Acromial>Top of shoulder
- Brachial>Arm
- Antecubital>Inner elbow
- Antebrachial>Forearm
- Carpal>Wrist
Manus (Anterior/Ventral)
Hand PPD
- Palmar>palm
- Pollex>thumb
- Digital>finger
Lower Limb (Anterior/Ventral)
CFPCF
- Coxal>hip
- Femoral>thigh
- Patellar>kneecap
- Crural>leg (shin)
- Fibular or peroneal>lateral leg; peroneal not to be confused w/ perineal (grundle)
Pedal (Anterior/Ventral)
Foot TMDH
- Tarsal>ankle
- Metatarsal>shoelace
- Digital>Toes
- Hallux>Big toe
Superior (cranial) means…
above; toward head
Inferior (caudal) means…
below; away from the head
Ventral (anterior) means…
towards front; in front of
Dorsal (posterior) means…
towards back; behind
Medial means…
Toward or at midline; on the inner side of
Lateral means…
Away from midline: on the outside of
Intermediate means…
between a more medial and more lateral structure eg nose is intermediate to eyes
Proximal means…
towards the origin
*only used in reference to limbs
Distal means…
away from the origin
*only used in reference to limbs
Superficial (external) means…
Toward or at the surface (scratch)
Deep (internal) means…
Away from body; more internal (stab wound)
Major divisions (and subdivisions) of body
Axial
- Head
- Neck
- Trunk
Appendicular
- Limbs
Cephalic (Posterior/Dorsal)
- Otic
- Occipital (back of head bump)
Cervical (Posterior/Dorsal)
Neck
Back (Posterior/Dorsal)
SVLSGP
- Scapular>Shoulder blade
- Vertebral>Thoracic spine;superior to lumbar
- Lumbar>Lower Back
- Sacral>Superior to gluteal region
- Gluteal>Romp
- Perineal>Grundle; not to be confused w/ peroneal (lateral leg)
Upper Limb (Posterior/Dorsal)
ABOA
- Acromial>top of shoulder
- Brachial>Arm
- Olecranal>Outer elbow; weenis area
- Antebrachial>forearm
Manus (Posterior/Dorsal)
- Metacarpal>back of hand
- Digital>Fingers
Lower Limb (Posterior/Dorsal)
FPSF
- Femoral>Thigh
- Popliteal>back of kneecap; kneepit
- Sural>calf
- Fibular or peroneal>lateral leg; peroneal not to be confused w/ perineal (grundle)
Pedal (Posterior/Dorsal)
- Calcaneal>heel
- Plantar>sole of foot
Sagittal, midsagittal or median plane
Midline cut; right and left
Coronal or frontal plane
Anterior and posterior
Transverse, horizontal or cross section
Superior and Inferior; magician assistant’s cut
Oblique
Diagonal
Parasagittal
Plane that is parallel to sagittal
*PARAsagittal=PARAllel
Anatomical Variability
10% margin of variability between text and lab specimens
What does the dorsal cavity do?
Protects nervous system
Dorsal cavity subdivisions and their function
Cranial cavity
- encases brain
Vertebral cavity
- encases spinal cord
Ventral cavity: Houses what? Composed of what two subdivisions? What are the two subdivisions separated by?
Houses internal organs (viscera)
Two subdivisions (separated by diaphragm)
- Thoracic cavity
- Abdominopelvic cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity is composed of what two subdivisions?
Two subdivisions
- Abdominal cavity
- Pelvic cavity
Thoracic cavity contains…
Contains:
- Superior mediastinum
- Pleural cavities (2, each housing a lung)
- Pericardial cavity within mediastinum
Diaphragm separates what from what?
Separates thoracic cavity from abdominopelvic cavity.
Abdominal cavity contains…
Contains:
- stomach
- intestines
- spleen
- liver
AKA Digestive viscera
*SISL=sizzle
Pelvic cavity contains…
Contains:
- Urinary bladder
- Reproductive organs
- Rectum
Mediastinum contains…
Contains pericardial cavity; surrounds thoracic organs
What does the pericardial cavity enclose?
Encloses heart
Serous Membrane (Serosa) - What is it? What kind of fluid separates it? What are the linings called? What do they do?
Thin, double-layered membrane separated by serous fluid
- Parietal serosa: lines internal body walls (outer/outside lining)
- Visceral serosa: covers internal organs (inner/inside lining)
Hypo-
below
Chondr-
cartilage
Epi-
over,above
Gastr-
stomach
Abdominopelvic regions (anatomists)
- Top: R hypochondriac/Epigastric/L hypochondriac
- Middle:R Lumbar/Umbilical/L Lumbar
- Bottom: R Iliac (inguinal)/Hypogastric (pubic)/L Iliac (inguinal)
*direction relative to patient
slide 32
Abdominopelvic quadrants (medical personnel)
- Top: R upper quadrant (RUQ), LUQ
- Bottom: R lower quadrant (RLQ), LLQ
Other body cavities
- Oral
- Digestive
- Nasal
- Orbital
- Middle ear (otic) cavity
- Synovial
Bony landmarks of the abdominopelvic cavity
- rib cage
- pelvis
