Ppt Dress And Religion

Question 1

What is Religion?

Answer 1

Religion is a set of beliefs, symbols, and practices that is based on the idea of “sacred and profane”

Question 2

Sacred and Profane

Answer 2

Sacred refers to activities and ideas that are set apart from society, while profane refers to mundane things like jobs and bills

Question 3

Ideologies

Answer 3

Focus on providing a world view about the materialistic world (not all ideologies are religion but all religions contain ideologies)

Question 4

Monotheism

Answer 4

The doctrine or belief that there is only ONE God and that same God created the universe

Question 5

A few examples of religion that follow Monotheism are…

Answer 5

Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Mormonism

Question 6

Polytheism

Answer 6

The doctrine or belief in TWO or MORE Gods

Question 7

A few examples of religions that follow polytheism are…

Answer 7

Buddhism and Hinduism

Question 8

Fundamentalism

Answer 8

A conservative religious doctrine that opposes intellectualism and worldly accommodation in favor of restoring traditional, otherworldly religion

Question 9

Characteristics of Fundamentalists

Answer 9

1. Cannot be stereotyped by gender, age, race, ethnicity, etc.
2. Characterized by a relationship with God who provides answers to personal problems
3. Do not differentiate between sacred and profane in everyday lives
4. Want to reverse the trend toward gender equality (“pray away the gay”)
5. Fundamentalists emerge after a perceived threat (currently “woke” persons viewed as bad)

Question 10

Fundamentalism Video

Answer 10

1. Represents fundamentalism (patriarchy)
2. Do you hear any gender issues here?
3. Do you agree/disagree with a woman wearing a short skirt to church? Think about how to explain your answer in a persuasive way to others

See slide 7 for link to video

Question 11

Patriarchy

Answer 11

1. Patriarchy is cultural beliefs and values that give higher prestige to cisgender men than to women (Newman, 1995)
2. Patriarchy is the prevailing religion for the entire planet

Question 12

Dress (in terms of patriarchy)

Answer 12

Dress is defined for women who take on more “traditional” roles in the family

Question 13

Agency

Answer 13

Agency is a concept used by feminists to describe the resistance women use to combat patriarchy

Question 14

Dress and Morality

Answer 14

Most religions typically expect women to be modest and their clothing must announce their morality

Question 15

Dress and Morality: Islam

Answer 15

1. Islamic women wear certain items to cover up and be more modest
2. Burqa, Niqab, Hijab, Chador, Dupatta

Question 16

Differences in Islamic Headwear
(See slide 10 for pictures)

Answer 16

1. Niqab: A veil covering the head and face, but not the eyes, usually worn with a loose black garment (abaya) that covers from head to feet
2. Hijab: A general term meaning “to cover” or “veil” most commonly refers to a headscarf that covers the hair and neck, but not the face
3. Burka: A veil that covers the entire body and face, with a mesh window or grille across the eyes for a woman to see out of
4. Chador: A full-length cloak worn by many Iranian women, typically held closed at the front by the wearer’s hands or under their arms
5. Dupatta: A long scarf loosely draped across the head and shoulders, common in South Asia and often paired with matching garments

Question 17

Dress and Morality: Amish Women

Answer 17

1. Dark, non-bright colors
2. “Kap” to cover hair (white vs. black)
3. Long to mid length
4. Apron
5. Long hair

Question 18

Dress and Morality: Amish Men

Answer 18

1. Dark, non-bright colors
2. Hat: Wool or straw brimmed
3. No buttons, zippers, lapels
4. Beards after marriage
5. No mustaches (associated with Military—Amish passive)

Question 19

Concluding statements

Answer 19

1. Many religions use dress to express their beliefs and their modesty
2. Dress based on religious beliefs (sacred) changes much slower than secular (things with no cultural or spiritual basis) dress

Question 20

Sacred Dress

Answer 20

1. Patriarchal religions, gendered power (masculine) prescribe women’s dress
   1.5. 2000s = women in Afghanistan required to wear burqa
2. Some sacred dress “demasculinized” (Priests attire) and “fossilized”
3. Sacred dress can also be everyday dress (e.g., Amish) separates them from dominant culture

Question 21

Hinduism

Answer 21

Importance on inner being; less importance plaxed on outer dress

Question 22

Islamic

Answer 22

Codes of modesty for women along with behavior codes - keeps patriarchal power and nationalism

Question 23

Judaism

Answer 23

Dress used as a religious duty. The most conservative (Hasidic) dress to separate from others; upper body = pure; lower - impure, girdles worn

Question 24

Christianity

Answer 24

Modesty for females; some use for separation

Question 25

Dress overall

Answer 25

1. Modesty and Female Sexuality — control, gender roles, symbol of commitment
2. Social control — keeps group separate from others in dominant group
3. Social change — missionaries changing indigenous dress