Chapter 4 Reddy

Question 1

Role

Answer 1

A position a person occupies in a social relationship

Question 2

Roles require and shape

Answer 2

1. Behavior associated with the role including dress
2. Knowledge and values needed to perform the role
3. status

Question 3

Roles can vary in

Answer 3

Dress regulations (police need uniform; college student can wear whatever)

Question 4

Status

Answer 4

1. Position in relation to other positions
2. Complementary positions within a general role type
3. positions on a continuum, where someone ranks higher than another in terms of wealth, authority, or prestige

Question 5

Role norms

Answer 5

Expected sets of behaviors for person’s holding roles and status

Question 6

Role dress

Answer 6

Helps an individual take on a role and be perceived by others as fitting that role

Question 7

Intrinsic

Answer 7

An individual lacks resources to acquire role props and settings. Resources include money and time

Question 8

Moral

Answer 8

An individual has morals or values that keep them from performing behaviors essential to a role

Question 9

Organic

Answer 9

One’s body does not fit the appearance requirements of the role

Question 10

Cultivation and socialization

Answer 10

The individual lacks the knowledge and training to take on a role

Question 11

Identity is…

Answer 11

1. Defined to a great extent by the roles we play
2. Multiple identities cause we all have many roles
3. Total identity is a composite of all your roles as well as you unique personality traits and habits

Question 12

Inter-role conflict

Answer 12

AKA a conflict between two roles, may occur when an individual finds that two sets of role demands are not always compatible

Question 13

Intra-role conflict

Answer 13

One that conflicts within a role due to changing expectations for that role across different groups in a society

Question 14

Conformity

Answer 14

A change in an individual’s behavior or attitude to achieve consistency with real or imagined group norms

Question 15

… is an outward sign of conformity

Answer 15

Dress
1.faciliatates a sense of identification, belonging, definition of self, role embracement
2. supports safety or comfort in group acceptance
3. fosters group solidarity, peer bonding; conformity through dress defines group boundaries by identifying who is in a group and who is not
4.indicates similarity, which is conducive to attraction
5.emphasizes social inclusion vs. social uniqueness.

Question 16

Conformity has its negative outcomes

Answer 16

Too much required conformity can stifle creativity

Question 17

Prone to conformity

Answer 17

a. shows feelings of inadequacy or incompetence
b. outer, other-directed
c. passive
d. less tolerant of ambiguity
e. dogmatic or wants absolute rules
f. demonstrates need for social acceptance

Question 18

Prone to differentiation

Answer 18

a. shows feelings of competency
b. inner, self-directed
c. less passive
d. more tolerance for ambiguity
e. less dogmatic
f. demonstrates less need for social acceptance

Question 19

Uniforms (extreme conformity)

Answer 19

a. indicate the prestige level of the wearer
b. symbolize skill level attained by the wearer
c. facilitate efficiency and organizational control
d. suppress the expression of individuality and idiosyncrasy
e. encourage group behavior and thinking rather than focus on the self.

Question 20

Symbolic Interactionism

Answer 20

Three ways to think about the self
1. The public self
2. Intimate self
3. Secret self

Question 21

Public self

Answer 21

The part of a person in front of others in public

Question 22

Intimate self

Answer 22

A part of the self that individuals share only with those close to them like friends and family

Question 23

Secret Self

Answer 23

Aspects of the self that one does not share with others