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S&H A&P > PPT 2 Respiration > Flashcards

PPT 2 Respiration Flashcards

Respiratory structures: Thorax, Nasal and Oral Cavities

1
Q

the exchange of gas between an organism and its environment

A

respiration

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2
Q

where we breathe in to bring 02 to the cells

A

inspiration

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3
Q

where we breathe out to eliminate the waste product

A

expiration

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4
Q

part of the body that encases the lungs

A

thorax

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5
Q

composed of 33 segments of bone

A

vertebral column

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6
Q

your vertebral column is made out of

A

vertebra

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7
Q

vertebrae numbered sequentially by section from __ to __

A

superior to inferior

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8
Q

how many cervical vertebrae

A

7

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9
Q

how many thoracic vertebrae

A

12

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10
Q

how many lumbar vertebrae

A

5

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11
Q

how many sacral vertebrae compose sacrum

A

5

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12
Q

how many fused vertebrae compose coccyx

A

4

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13
Q

what is the name of c1

A

atlas

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14
Q

what is the name of the large opening in the middle of your c1

A

vertebral foramen

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15
Q

what passes through the vertebral foramen

A

spinal cord

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16
Q

the __ ___ is responsible for supplying blood to your vertebral column and body

A

basilar artery

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17
Q

your basilar artery passes through

A

transverse foramen

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18
Q

the facet for occiput is a smooth surface which the ___ ___ lays on

A

occipital bone

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19
Q

the posterior tubercle is attached to

A

c1

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20
Q

the atlas holds your

A

skull

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21
Q

the c2 is called the

A

axis

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22
Q

the facet for atlas is where

A

the c1 sits

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23
Q

the odontoid process sits in the grove of

A

atlas

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24
Q

what process allows you to move your neck laterally

A

odontoid process

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25
Q

if you were to fracture your neck which two processes could be effected

A

odontoid and respiration

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26
Q

the rib cage is part of

A

the bony thorax

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27
Q

the rib cage is attached to

A

the vertebral column

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28
Q

the rib cage is composed of _ ribs

A

12

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29
Q

there are _ true ribs

A

7

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30
Q

there are _ false ribs

A

3

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31
Q

there are _ floating ribs

A

2

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32
Q

the twelve ribs slope

A

downward

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33
Q

the _ serves as a focal point for the rib cage

A

sternum

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34
Q

the rib cage _ during inspiration

A

elevates

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35
Q

when the ribs end they are further connected to the sternum from the

A

costal and chondral cartilages

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36
Q

the pectoral girdle is made up of two parts the:

A

clavicle and scapula

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37
Q

the function of the pectoral girdle is

A

to support the upper extremities

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38
Q

aka collar bone

A

clavicle

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39
Q

aka shoulder

A

scapula

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40
Q

the parts of the sternum are:

A

the suprasternal notch, the manubrium stern, manubrosternal angle, corpus, xiphoid process

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41
Q

the depression below your Adams apple

A

suprasternal notch

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41
Q

where your clavicle and first rib articulate

A

manubrium sterni

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42
Q

where the 2nd rib articulates and the area between the head of the sternum and the body of the sternum

A

manubrosternal angle

43
Q

articulates directly with the 5 remaining true ribs ( and indirectly with the. false ribs)

A

corpus or body

44
Q

anterior-most attachment for diaphragm

A

xiphoid process

45
Q

the corpus of your _ allows you to do weight baring activities

A

lumbar

46
Q

the _ and _ allow you to maintain your sitting posture

A

sacrum and coccyx

47
Q

the pelvic girdle includes the:

A

ilium, sacrum, public bone, and ischium

48
Q

the _ holds together all of the other bones of the pelvic girdle

A

ischium

49
Q

the bone you feel that hits a chair when you are sitting is your

A

ischium

50
Q

all four parts of the pelvic girdle are

A

bones

51
Q

what supports your lower extremities

A

pelvic gridle

52
Q

the respiratory passageway consists of what structures:

A

oral and nasal cavities, larynx and trachea, bronchial tree and tubes

53
Q

what connects the lungs with the external environment

A

respiratory passageway

54
Q

means opening

A

vestibule

55
Q

the _ in the nasal cavity is an external opening

A

vestibule

56
Q

the _ is covered with epithelial tissues

A

respiratory region

57
Q

in the respiratory region what has the function to secrete and absorb allowing for protection of the nasal cavity

A

epithelial tissues

58
Q

what region has specialized cells that allows you to smell things

A

olfactory

59
Q

the middle part of the nose that goes right down

A

septum

60
Q

curled structures that uncoil to increase the surface area of the nose allowing you to inhale more. and. and act as a speed breaker to insure that there is no internal damage to the nose due to deep inhalation

A

concha/ turbinate

61
Q

serves as a passage or canal for air inside of the nose

A

meatus

62
Q

drain into the nasal cavity

A

pasanasal sinuses

63
Q

list the four paranasal sinuses

A

frontal nasal sinus, sphenoid sinus, ethmoid air class, maxillary sinus

64
Q

acts to drain tears from the eye. It opens into the inferior meatus

A

nasolacrimal duct

65
Q

opens into the nasopharynx at the level of the inferior meatus. It allows the middle ear to equalize with the atmospheric air pressure

A

auditory (eustachian) tube

66
Q

openings of frontal, maxillary and anterior ethmoidal sinuses

A

semilunar hiatus

67
Q

opening of the middle ethmoid sinus

A

ethic bulla

68
Q

lack of air and resonance in the throat or nasal cavity

A

hypo nasality

69
Q

affects the production of nasal consonants

A

hypo nasality

70
Q

the sound of speech that results from too much air escaping through the nose during speech

A

hyper nasality

71
Q

caused when the soft palate doesn’t lift to restrict air from going through your nose. There is insufficiency in the closer

A

hyper nasality

72
Q

airflow through the mouth is trapped, causing muffled speech

A

cul de sac

73
Q

a muscular tube that connects the oral and nasal cavity to the larynx and esophagus

A

pharynx

74
Q

three parts of the pharynx

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

75
Q

found between the base of the skull and the soft palate

A

nasopharynx

76
Q

lined with respiratory epithelium

A

nasopharynx

77
Q

contains the adenoid tonsils

A

posterosuperior nasopharynx

78
Q

middle part of the pharynx

A

oropharynx

79
Q

located between the soft palate and the superior border of the epiglottis

A

oropharynx

80
Q

the oropharynx contains the following structures:

A

posterior 1/3 of the tongue, lingual tonsils, palatine tonsils, superior constrictor muscle, the oropharynx. is involved in the voluntary and involuntary phases of swallowing

81
Q

the most distal part of the pharynx

A

laryngopharynx

82
Q

the laryngopharynx is posterior to the larynx and communicates with it via the

A

laryngeal inlet

83
Q

the laryngeopharynx contains the middle and inferior

A

pharyngeal constrictors

84
Q

the laryngopharynx is lateral to which one can find the

A

piriform fossae

85
Q

the __ __ is characterized by branching of large tubes into smaller tubes

A

bronchial tree

86
Q

the two main tubes of the bronchial trees go from

A

trachea to lungs

87
Q

bronchial tubes divided further in the

A

lungs

88
Q

small tubes terminate in the

A

final terminal respiratory bronchioles

89
Q

composed of vascular, elastic tissue

A

lungs

90
Q

lung which contains three lobes

A

right

91
Q

lung which contains two lobes

A

left

92
Q

why is the left lung smaller than the right

A

it leaves space for the heart

93
Q

what are the lungs composed of

A

blood, arterial and venous network, connective tissue, respiratory pathway, and alveoli

94
Q

the lungs contain over _ million alveoli

A

300

95
Q

alveoli are located where

A

the ends of bronchial tree

96
Q

the alveoli located at the ends of the bronchial tree are responsible for what

A

gas exchange: getting rid of CO2 to bring in O2

97
Q

Your bronchiole is connected to your alveoli through

A

alveolar ducts

98
Q

t/f the lungs are attached to your ribcage

A

false

99
Q

why would you need a tracheostomy

A

your oral or nasal cavity is blocked and you need a supplementary form of breathing

100
Q

what is the term for collapsed lung.

A

pneumothorax

101
Q

what is the origin of the diaphragm

A

xiphoid process

102
Q

what two parts open into the level of the inferior meatus

A

Eustachian tube and nasolacrimal duct

103
Q

what is closely attached to the lung

A

visceral pleural

104
Q

what is closed attached to the rib cage

A

parietal pleural

105
Q

the intraplural pressure between the visceral pleural and parietal pleural is

A

negative; allows for lungs to not be collapsed

S&H A&P (12 decks)

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