Final Exam Flashcards
The central sulcus separates which lobes of the brain
frontal and parietal
which space between the dura mater and arachnoid mater contains lubricating fluid to prevent adhesion
subdural
What is the function of the arachnoid granulation
absorption of cerebrospinal fluid
what is the function of the ventricular system of the brain
production and transport of the cerebrospinal fluid
which commissural fiber tract connects the left and right hemisphere, facilitating communication between the two sides
Corpus Callosum
which type of stroke is typically associated with a blood clot or plaque formation blocking a blood vessel in the brain
thrombotic
what is the dominant muscle in the cheek
buccinator
what is the function of the risorius muscle
smiling and mastication
Intrinsic muscles of the tongue are innervated by which cranial nerve
XII hypoglossal
Which muscle helps in protruding your tongue
genioglossus
which muscle depresses your mandible
Digastric
Which muscle shortens the velum
Musculus Uvulae
Out of the three ossicles which is connected to the tympanic membrane
malleus ( at the umbo)
What is the primary role of the stapedius muscle in the middle ear
stiffens ossicular chain to reduce vibration
what is the most important sensory structures for hearing
Organ of Corti
t/f cochlea the high frequency sounds are located at the base
true
Maria is struggling with her hearing for several years. Her medical history includes exposure to loud sounds as a musician. What type of hearing loss is she experiencing
sensorineural hearing loss
Jon reports that sounds are muffled and not as loud as they used to be. He has a history of earwax buildup. what type of hearing loss is he experiencing.
Conductive hearing loss
What is the primary function of the cerumen in your ear canal
to protect your ear canal from dust and insects
What is the primary function to the substantial nigra in the brain
production of dopamine
what structure is part of the basal ganglia
caudate nucleus
which neurons are responsible for communicating with other neurons and facilitating communication within the CNS
interneurons
Which type of cells in the nervous system is known for building myelin in the peripheral nervous system
Schwann cells
Which cranial nerve is responsible for the sensation of the face, including touch, pain and temperature
CN V : trigeminal nerve
t/f the pyramidal decussation creates the ipsilateral innervation of the body
false
which muscle allows you to protrude the lips and keep the oral cavity sealed
orbicularis oris
Name one muscle that elevates the upper lip
Levator Labii Superior
Name one facial muscle involved in pouting
Zygomatic Minor
Name one facial muscle involved in smiling
Buccinator
Name one facial muscle involved flaring the nostrils
Levator Labii Superior Nasi
The protrusion of the tongue is brought out by
genioglossus
CN V innervates all of the following except one: lateral pterygoid, temporalis, digastricus, and geniohyoid
geniohyoid
which muscle tenses the anterior portion of the soft palate
tensor veli palatini
The pharyngeal phase is a/an volitional phase or automatic phase of the swallow
automatic phase
t/f the pharyngeal phase triggers when the bolus moves past the faucial pillars
true
In which stage of swallowing does respiration cease momentarily
pharyngeal phase
name one function of the pinna
localize sound
name one muscle that assists in the pharyngeal phase of the swallow
cricopharyngeus
The bolus enters the stomach via the
lower esophageal sphincter
Gray matter differs from white matter because grey matter __ and white mater __
contains neuronal cell bodies, contains myelinated axons
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the layers of meningeal membranes beginning with the brain and going to the skull
pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater
name one demyelinating disease
multiple sclerosis (ms)
the nervous system is divided into
CNS and PNS
The deep groove that separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres is called the
longitudinal fissure
What are the three main parts of basal ganglia
Caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus
t/f the pons is the point of decussation for spinal nerves
false
A 42 year old man is brought to the emergency department by concerned relatives. On examination, the patient is unable to understand the meaning of spoken words; which region of the brain is being affect
Wernicke’s Area in the temporal lobe
