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S&H A&P > PPT 1 > Flashcards

PPT 1 Flashcards

Foundation of Anatomy and Physiology- basic terminology

1
Q

What are the body systems for speech

A

Respiratory, Phonatory, Articulatory, Resonatory, Nervous

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2
Q

Includes smooth, striated, and cardiac muscle

A

Muscular system

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3
Q

includes bones and cartilages

A

skeletal system

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4
Q

includes oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, liver, intestines

A

digestive system

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5
Q

includes oral/nasal passages, pharyngeal cavities, trachea, bronchial passageways, and lungs

A

respiratory system

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6
Q

includes CNS + PNS

A

nervous system

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7
Q

Includes arteries + veins

A

circulatory system

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8
Q

groups of organs/structures working together for a particular function

A

body systems

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9
Q

t/f organs and structures can belong to more than one system

A

true

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10
Q

highly specialized communicative tissue consisting of neurons

A

nervous tissue

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11
Q

nervous tissue transmits information from:

A

neuron to neuron, neuron to muscle, sensory receptor to brain/ spinal cord

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12
Q

information goes from your brain to the muscle

A

efferent

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13
Q

information goes from the muscle to the brain and neurons

A

afferent

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14
Q

three types of muscles

A

striated, smooth, cardiac

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15
Q

skeletal muscle that helps with voluntary actions

A

striated

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16
Q

muscle of internal organs that help with involuntary movements

A

smooth

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17
Q

combination of striated and smooth that helps with involuntary actions

A

cardiac

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18
Q

muscle that moves a structure

A

agonist

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19
Q

muscle that opposes movement

A

antagonist

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20
Q

muscle used to stabilize structure

A

synergist

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21
Q

point of attachment of least mobile element

A

origin

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22
Q

point of attachment that moves as a result of muscle contraction

A

insertion

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23
Q

what are the two things that muscle tissue does

A

contracts and relaxes

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24
Q

what tissue is stimulated by nerves

A

muscle tissue

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25
Q

what are the three types of synovial joints

A

ball and socket joint, hinge joint condylar joint

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26
Q

functional connections between bones or cartilages

A

joints

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27
Q

immovable joint like bones of skull

A

fibrous joints

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28
Q

limited mobility like disks of vertebral column

A

cartilaginous joints

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29
Q

freely moving like elbows hips and arytenoids

A

synovial joints

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30
Q

describe 5 of the characteristics of bone

A

rigid, begins as cartilaginous mass, calcifies to provide rigidity/ compressive strength, protects organs, provides skeletal support

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31
Q

firm and flexible, has both compressive and tensile strength

A

cartilage

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32
Q

described as fluid connective tissue (plasma), blood cells suspended in matrix

A

blood

33
Q

sheet-like membrane surrounding organs and muscles; dense fibrous tissue

A

fascia

34
Q

tough and fibrous connective tissue

A

ligaments

35
Q

ligaments connects:

A

bone to bone, cartilage to cartilage, bone to cartilage

36
Q

abundance of closely packed fibers

A

tendons

37
Q

non-elastic cords

A

tendons

38
Q

tendons connects muscle to:

A

bone, cartilage, other muscle

39
Q

forms branching network to support lymphocytes ; found in tonsils and adenoids

A

lymphoid tissue

40
Q

areolar tissue that is highly impregnated with fat cells, serves as an energy reserve

A

adipose tissue

41
Q

elastic, loose connective tissue, forms bed for skin and mucous membranes, supports organs, between muscles

A

areolar tissue

42
Q

supportive tissue that binds structures together, supports the body or aids in body maintenance

A

connective tissue

43
Q

what type of epithelial tissues appear flat, assist in diffusion and filtration, and can be found in alveolar ducts

A

squamous

44
Q

what type of epithelial tissues are organized “cubes” packed more tightly together in tissues than squamous cells, specialized for secretion, and are found in salivary glands

A

cuboidal

45
Q

what type of epithelial tissues look long and cylindrical, are specialized for absorption and secretion and can be found in the stomach lining

A

columnar

46
Q

tightly packed protective sheet of cells, lining for the surface of body and internal surfaces of cavities

A

epithelial tissue

47
Q

epithelial tissue is most commonly found as

A

skin and superficial layers of mucous membranes

48
Q

group of cellular material specialized to perform a specific function

A

tissue

49
Q

what are the 4 basic types of tissue

A

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

50
Q

what are the building blocks of life that vary by tissue

A

cells

51
Q

list the building blocks of an organism in order

A

cells, tissues, organs, systems

52
Q

vertical, longitudinal, vertical cut divides body into left and right portions

A

sagittal

53
Q

horizontal, cross-sectional, divides body into upper and lower parts

A

transverse

54
Q

frontal, vertical cut that runs parallel to the forehead, cuts body into front and back portions

A

coronal

55
Q

same side

A

ipsilateral

56
Q

opposite side

A

contralateral

57
Q

away from the trunk

A

distal

58
Q

toward the body

A

proximal

59
Q

toward the axis or midline

A

medial

60
Q

away from the axis or midline, toward the side

A

lateral

61
Q

toward the top, above

A

superior

62
Q

toward the bottom, below

A

inferior

63
Q

on the back

A

supine

64
Q

positioning on the belly

A

prone

65
Q

closer to the surface

A

superficial

66
Q

away from the surface, closer to the axis of the body

A

deep

67
Q

toward the head

A

rostal or cranial

68
Q

toward the tail, away from the head, only used to describe trunk not extremities

A

caudal

69
Q

away from the backbone

A

ventral

70
Q

towards the backbone

A

dorsal

71
Q

toward the front of the body

A

anterior

72
Q

toward the back of the body

A

posterior

73
Q

attached to the trunk

A

extremities

74
Q

chest region

A

thorax

75
Q

represented externally as anterior abdominal wall

A

abdomen

76
Q

combination of thorax and abdomen

A

trunk

77
Q

the study of the structure of an organism

A

anatomy

78
Q

the study of the functions of the body and its components

A

physiology

S&H A&P (12 decks)

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