PPL Oral - Airspace Flashcards
What is Class A airspace?
- Airspace from 18,000ft MSL up to and including FL600
- Extends 12nm out over coastal waters or where ever domestic radio or ATC radar coverage reaches
Can you fly VFR in Class A airspace?
FAR 91.125
No, only IFR operations allowed.
*Unless ATC permission is granted
What Pilot qualifications are necessary for entering Class A airspace?
FAR 91.125
Must have an IFR rating
What equipment is required for Class A?
FAR 91.125
- 2-Way radio comms with ATC
- Transponder with mode C (altitude encoding)
- ADS-B AND TIS-B
- Equipped with instruments/equipment required for IFR flight
*TIS-B (Traffic Information Services Broadcast) is what allows us to see Traffic that only has a Xponder and not ADS-B
How is Class A depicted on charts?
It is not charted because it overlays all other airspace
What is Class B airspace?
From the surface to 10,000ft MSL surrounding the busiest airports
- Tailored to each airports needs
- Typically shaped like an upside down wedding cake
- Depicted in Solid Blue lines on sectional
What Pilot qualifications are required to enter Class B airspace?
FAR 91. 131
- At least PPL
- A Recreational or Sport pilot who has received specific training related to Towered airport ops
- Student Pilot who has specifically received training in Towered Airport Ops
**Some Class B airports wont let you in unless you have at least a PPL
What equipment is required for Class B airspace?
FAR 91.131, 91.215, 91.225
- 2-Way Radio
- Transponder with Mode C (altitude encoding)
- ADS-B Out (in and above Class B up to 10,000ft)
- IF IFR, VOR or RNAV capability
What basic requirement do you need to enter Class B airspace?
FAR 91.131
An ATC clearance to enter the airspace
What are the WX requirements for Class B?
FAR 91.155
3 sm vis and Clear of Clouds
What does Class B look like on charts?
Solid Blue lines
Numbers depict floor and ceiling
What ATC services can you expect in Class B airspace?
VFR pilots can expect Separation and Sequencing (workload permitting)
Whose responsible for watching out for Wake Turbulence, the Pilot or ATC?
It is solely the Pilots responsibility
*ATC will not care about you in regards to Wake Turbulence, Terrain avoidance, OR cloud avoidance
What are the Speed Limits associated with Class B airspace?
FAR 91.117
- INSIDE B = 250kts
- BELOW B = 200kts (or if in VFR corridor)
- IF in B, But above 10,000ft = No Limit
*If ATC tells you to fly faster, you still cant bust 250kts in class B
What is the Speed Limit below 10,000ft?
FAR 91.117
250kts
What are the Speed Limits regarding Class C and D airspace?
FAR 91.117
At or below 2,500ft AGL and within 4 nm miles of Class C or D
- 200 kts
What Speed Limits apply to Class E airspace around airports?
Non-Towered airports
200 kts
*RECOMMENDED ONLY (not an FAR)
* Still cant go faster than 250 kts below 10,000ft
What is the Speed Limit IN Class B airspace?
250 kts because you are most likely below 10,000ft MSL
What is the Speed Limit under Class B or in the VFR Corridor?
200 kts
What is Class C airspace?
- From the Surface to 4,000ft AGL (charted in MSL)
- Have radar services
- Solid magenta Lines on Sectional chart
What are the basic dimensions of Class C?
Inner circle - 5 nm radius
Outer Shelf - 10 nm radius (starts at 1,200ft)
Up to 4,000 ft
- it is advised that you contact ATC when within 20nm
What Pilot qualifications are required for Class C airspace?
No specific certification required.
But must at least be a Student Pilot
What equipment is required to operate within Class C airspace?
- A 2-way Radio
- Transponder with Mode C (altitude encoding)
- ADS-B Out (in and above Class C, up to 10,000ft)
What basic requirement must be met to enter Class C?
FAR 91.130
Establish 2-Way Radio Comms
** This is defined as when the ATC controller acknowledges your call sign
** If say your call sign + “standby”, you can still enter.
What is meant by the requirement to ESTABLISH 2-Way radio comms to enter Class C airspace?
If the controller responds with your Call Sign, radio comms have been established.
*Even if they tell you to standby
*They may ask you to remain clear if they are busy.
When departing a Non-Towered Satellite airport WITHIN Class C airspace (inner ring), what requirement must be met?
FAR 91.130
Establish 2-way Comms with ATC as soon as practicable after departure
What are the WX requirements for Class C airspace?
FAR 91.155
3 sm BCC.
3 sm vis
- 1,000 ft above clouds
- 2,000 away from clouds (horizonally)
- 500 ft below clouds
What does Class C airspace look like on a Sectional Chart?
Solid Magenta Lines
What type of ATC services could be expected in Class C airspace?
VFR Pilots can expect Separation and Sequencing (workload permitting)
*Provided basic radar services beyond the limits of Class C (workload permitting)
What is meant by the Procedural Outer Area of Class C airspace?
AIM 3-2-4 (note 4)
This is an area of 20 nm surrounding the class C airspace where it is recommended that you contact approach control
Describe the basic type of Terminal Radar Services that MAY be available to VFR pilots
Basic Radar Service = Safety alerts, traffic advisories, limited vectoring, and potentially sequencing.
- TRSA service - (grey lines)
Separation & Sequencing - Class B, C, service - Basic Radar
Services, Separation &
Sequencing
Where is a Transponder with Mode C and ADSB-Out required?
- Class A, B, and C
- Within 30 NM of B (Mode C Veil)
- Above Class B & C up to 10,000ft
- Above 10,000ft
If you are below 10,000ft MSL and in Class E airspace, is a Transponder with Mode C or ADSB-Out required?
No.
*unless you are above class C or B airspace or within the mode C veil
If you are above 10,000ft in Class E airspace, is a Transponder with Mode C and/or ADS-B Out required?
Yes.
Describe everywhere that a Transponder with Mode C and ADS-B Out is required
- Class A, B, or C airspace
- Above Class B and C up to 10,000ft MSL
- Within 30 miles of Class B below 10,000ft
- Class E airspace, above 10,000ft MSL (but not below 2,500ft AGL)
- ADS-B Out is required in Class E airspace in the Gulf of Mexico beginning at 3,000ft MSL up to 12 NM out.
- All aircraft flying into, within, or across the ADIZ
Where is a Transponder with Mode C and ADS-B Out required when within Class E airspace?
- Beginning at 10,000ft MSL (but not below 2,500ft AGL)
- ADS-B Out is also required over the Gulf of Mexico beginning at 3,000ft MSL out to 12 NM
- Over class C or B airspace or within the mode C veil of B airspace
Where is a Transponder with Mode C required in Class B airspace
Above Class B up to 10,000ft
Within 30 NM of Class B, including underneath (Mode C Veil)
Why do you need a Transponder with Mode C and ADS-B Out when under a Class B airport?
Because you are still within the 30 NM Mode C, ADS-B Veil, even tho you’re not inside the class B airspace
What Special Use Airspace requires a Transponder with Mode C and ADS-B Out?
The ADIZ!
What is the speed limit in Class C airspace?
200 kts - at or below 2,500ft AGL within 4 NM of airport
What is Class D airspace?
Extends up to 2,500ft AGL
- Tailored to each airport based on IFR procedures
- Small airports with Control Towers
- Blue Dashed lines on Sectional charts
What is required to enter Class D airspace
Establish 2-Way radio comms
If you are in Class D airspace below B airspace do you need a Transponder with Mode C and ADS-B Out?
Yes because you are still within 30 NM of the Class B Veil
When departing a Non-Towered satellite airport within Class D airspace what requirement must be met?
Establish 2-Way radio comms with controlling airspace after departure
When departing a Non-Towered satellite airport within Class C or D airspace, what requirement must be met?
Establish 2-Way radio comms with controlling airspace after departure
Is an ATC clearance required to fly through the Class E extensions to the surface?
Not for VFR pilots
- While class E airspace is controlled airspace, it mainly exists for ATC to be in contact with IFR pilots
What are the Weather Mins in Class D airspace?
3 SM viz and BCC
BCC - 1,000ft above, 2,000ft away, and 500ft below
What kind of ATC services can be expected in Class D airspace?
NO services are REQUIRED to be available to VFR pilots.
On a workload permitted basis
- Traffic info/alerts
- sequencing
What is the speed limit in Class D airspace?
200 kts - at or below 2,500ft AGL within 4 NM of airport
What happens to the airspace when a Class D airspace Tower closes?
It becomes Class E airspace
-Check the Chart Supplement for details on tower hours
Where can you find information on VFR Flyways Corridors and Class B transition routes?
- Normally depicted on the reverse side of VFR TAC charts
- You can find them under Documents/Files on Garmin Pilot
Is the bottom of class E airspace in MSL or AGL?
AGL (700, or 1,200)
How often are the following charts updated?
1. VFR Sectional Chart
2. IFR Low Enroute Chart
3. Chart Supplement (A/FD)
(IFR Low Charts are not important for PPL, but its good to know)
Every 56 days
What are all the different kinds of Special Use Airspace?
There’s an acronym for this
MCPRAWN WATTS
M - Military Operations Area
C - Controlled Firing Area (not depicted on charts)
P - Prohibited area
R - Restricted area
A - Alert
W - Warning Area
N - National Security Area
W - Wildlife Area
A - Air Defense Identification Zone
T - Temporary Flight Restriction
T - Terminal Radar Service Area
S - Special Flight Rules Area
