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ppl flight test Flashcards

1
Q

engine fire on ground

A

crank starter
hold brakes
if engine starts 1700 for 2 mins, then shutdown and inspect

if engine does not start:
full throttle
mixture ICO
keep cranking starter
fuel selector off
master off
mags off

check checklist

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2
Q

cabin fire

A

master off
close all vents
use fire extinguisher

vent cabin
land asap

check checklist

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3
Q

engine fire in flight

A

mixture ICO
fuel selector off
master off
close cabin heat and air
keep outside vent open
airspeed 100 KT
forced approach

check checklist

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4
Q

electrical fire in flight

A

master off
all other switches off
close all vents
use fire extinguisher

if fire gone: master on, slowly turn on other switches and radios, land as soon as practicable

if fire remains: forced approach

check checklist

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5
Q

engine failure on ground

A

throttle idle
brakes

flaps up
mixture ICO
mags off
master off

check checklist

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6
Q

engine failure takeoff

A

airspeed 80 mph
mixture ICO
fuel selector off
mags off
flaps as required
master off

check checklist

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7
Q

engine failure in cruise

A

airspeed 80 and carb heat hot
pick field
engine check no fire

cause check:
mixture rich
fuel selector both
mags cycle then both
primer locked
throttle idle
attempt restart

mayday
passenger briefing

shutdown engine:
mixture ICO
fuel selector off
mags off
flaps down
master off

unlatch doors

check checklist

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8
Q

wing fire

A

nav lights off
strobe lights off
pitot heat off

side slip away from burning wing

forced approach

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9
Q

how much fuel can we have in our tanks and how much is usable

A

42 total, 38 usable

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10
Q

oil capacity in sump vs total

A

8 qt in sump
9 qt total

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11
Q

Vx, Vy , Va , Vs , Vso (landing config) , Vno , Vne , Vr , Vglide , Vmax flaps, max cross wind, max takeoff weight

A

Vx = 68
Vy = 91
Va = 115
Vs = 50
Vso = 40
Vno = 142
Vne = 179
Vr = 60
V glide = 80
V max flaps = 100
max xw = 15
max takeoff weight = 2300 lbs

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12
Q

static RPM is between

A

2270-2370

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13
Q

max takeoff weight for normal vs utility

A

normal = 2300
utility = 2000

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14
Q

G load factor limits for normal vs utility catagory (with and without flaps)

A

normal: +3.8g -1.52g
normal with flaps: +3.0g

utility: +4.4g -1.76g
utiltiy with flaps: +3.0g

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15
Q

what to do if you encounter ice?

A

pitot heat on
turn around or descend to lower altitude (hopefully warmer)
cabin heat and defroster
full throttle = increase engine speed and limit ice build up on propellers
monitor RPM for intake ice
land ASAP

do NOT use flaps (because turbulent airflow hitting icy elevators is no bueno)

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16
Q

how to land when you have a flat main tire

A

approach normally and touchdown with good tire

check checklist

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17
Q

how can you tell you have a static port blockage?

what do you do to fix it

A

altimeter freezes at the last altitude
VSI remains zero
ASI: when climbing, ASI extra slow. when descending, ASI shows extra fast

pull alternate static source

check checklist

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18
Q

what does a fully and partially blocked pitot look like on your instruments?

A

fully blocked pitot:
ASI shows fast during climb and slow during descent

partially blocked pitot: ASI = 0

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19
Q

what do you do if your low voltage light illuminates in flight?

A
  • avionics OFF
  • master OFF then ON again
  • if light turns off, you’re good to turn avionics on again and relax :)
  • if light stays on (ammeter discharge - battery only)
    • alternator OFF
    • conserve battery (turn off non essential electronics)
    • land as soon as practical

check checklist

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20
Q

what to do if you see excessive charge on ammeter?

A

alternator off
non essential electrics off
land as soon as practical

check checklist

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21
Q

landing with ice

A

increase landing speed due to icing conditions
flaps RETRACTED
left window open and slip for improved visibility

check checklist

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22
Q

low oil pressure and high oil temperature

A

use minimum power
land asap and expect engine failure

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23
Q

short field takeoff and landing procedures

A

takeoff: line up edge of runway, hold brakes, full power, check gauges, release brakes

landing: flaps up, back pressure and brake

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24
Q

soft field takeoff and landing procedures:

A

takeoff: back pressure, throttle idle, just rudder to get lined up. when lined up, keep back pressure and full throttle. after rotation, parallel until gain speed then Vy

landing: when flare, add 100 rpm power to slow descent rate, keep back pressure and roll down runway until stop

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25
does certificate of airworthiness expire? explain
NO the CoA does not expire but to keep it valid you must follow MAPS MAPS maintenance schedule ADs POH G loading Snags (defects)
26
certificate of registration invalid when
changes to purpose, address, owner, registration accident/destroyed
27
something changes on your certificate of registration. how long do you have to update TC
7 days
28
day VFR equipment list
MAATE mag compass ASI altimeter time engine gauges: oil temp, pressure, tachometer, fuel gauges
29
what type of ailerons do we have
frise = up-aileron has more drag differential = goes up more than down
30
describe the engine
- lycoming model O320 engine that is 4 cylinder, horizontally opposed, air cooled, carbureted with a wet sump oil system - 150 hp at 2700 rpm
31
describe the engine oil system
- wet sump oil system (stored below engine) - the engine-driven oil pump sucks the oil from the sump to the filter (if the oil is hot, it goes to a cooler before the filter) - from the filter, oil gets sent to various engine parts and excess oil returns to sump by gravity flow
32
how is the engine cooled?
cool outside engine: ram air enters cowling and directed to cylinders via fins cool inside engine: oil
33
what is the purpose of the battery?
start the alternator backup if alternator fails
34
uh oh, there’s impact ice around by air intake vent. what ever shall i do?
alternate air intake - from inside of cowling
35
what type of carburetor do we have
up draft, float type carburetor mounted at bottom of engine
36
what type of propeller do we have
two blade fixed pitch
37
tell me about the fuel system
- fuel flows from wing tanks via gravity to the fuel selector valve, then through a strainer, to carburetor where it gets atomized, mixed with air and sent to engine - in cold weather, fuel sent directly from strainer to primer and injected into cylinder - fuel vents under wing and in fuel cap - vents blocked = fuel starvation
38
tell me about the brake system
single-disk, hydraulic brake on each main landing gear wheel connected to pilot rudder petals
39
tell me about the electrical system
- battery: 12V, 25 amp - alternator: 14V, 60 amp, engine-driven - power sent to systems through a split bus bar
40
what does the vacuum system power
attitude indicator heading indicator
41
definitions and numbers of Vx Vy and Va
Vx = greatest altitude in least horizontal distance = 68 Vy = greatest altitude in least time = 91 Va = max speed for full deflection of controls = 115
42
can someone rent a privately registered plane?
no must be commercial
43
can alexis pay me to fly her to queens?
no that’s commercial business air taxi
44
can alexis buy me dinner or split fuel with me to thank me for going on a fun flight with her
yes
45
when does a plane have to get reweighed?
when something changes and it’s a different weight, or new coat of paint, new seat covers…
46
when is journey log required on board
only when landing at another airport
47
is maintenance based on air time or flight time?
maintenance = air time = wheels up/down flight time = turn on/off = pilot journey log
48
private vs commercial maintenance programs. which ones does spectrum use
private = annual or 100h (whichever is sooner) commercial = 50,100,50,200
49
who gives you a radio operator certificate and how long valid
industry canada and for as long as you can talk
50
how is a licence kept current to carry passengers?
- 5 takeoff and landing every 6 months - 2 year requirement (training, TC seminar, redo exam…) - 5 years act as PIC or co-pilot
51
how does a decrease in weight affect maneuvering speed?
light plane = low maneuvering speed - flies at lower AoA -> takes longer to reach critical AoA -> as we pitch up waiting to reach critical, we feel more Gs - fly slower = higher AoA = reach critical AoA before sustaining damages
52
can we fly an overweight plane?
too heavy = too much load on wings, reduced takeoff and landing performance, longer landing roll, too much fuel consumption
53
can we fly a plane outside CoG limits
no because stability/control is compromised, reduced safety margins, structural stress (more force to sustain stable flight)
54
why not include oil weight into weight and balance calculations
small weight, slow consumption, and so close to CoG that it’s effect on balanced is minimal
55
standard empty weight vs basic empty weight
standard empty weight = airframe + standard equipment (engine, fluids) + un-usable fuel + oil basic empty weight = standard empty weight + optional equipment
56
if CoG is too far aft, how does it affect flight?
- tail heavy - fly at low AoA = takes longer to reach critical AoA = stalls at slower speed - unstable - hard to recover stall
57
if the CoG is too for forward how does it affect flight
- nose heavy - must fly at higher AoA in cruise = more drag = reduced range = more fuel burn - higher AoA = easy to reach critical AoA = increased stall speed - higher stall speed = faster approach speed = increased takeoff and landing distances
58
what are balance tabs for and where are they located
balance tabs on ends of rudder and elevator to make it easier for pilot to control mass tab on ailerons to prevent flutter
59
if you need to keep the carb heat hot in cruise flight, what else must you change
carb heat hot = low air density = richer mixture so must lean it
60
acceptable RPM for static run up
2270-2370
61
what type of oil goes into the plane and when
first 50h = mineral after = ashless detergent oil
62
brake fluid colour vs oleo/hydraulic fluid colour
brake = yellow hydraulic = red
63
what are flaps for
- increase wing camber = more lift at lower AoA = fly slower and better visibility - more drag = steeper approach angle
64
tell me about the landing gear
- oleo struts in the main landing gear to absorb impact on landing - fixed -tricycle - front wheel steers
65
mystery vents on side of cowling are for what? and what about that small hole beside it?
vents = cool instruments hole = rain can escape
66
during a climb, the ASI increases. and during descent, the ASI decreases. what’s wrong with it?
full pitot block
67
during climb, ASI shows rapid decrease. during a descent, ASI shows rapid increase. what’s wrong with it?
static port block
68
when you use the alternate static source, what instruments will change and how will they read
alternate static air = slightly lower air pressure ALT = indicate higher than you are (50ft) VSI = momentarily show a climb and then level out ASI = slightly faster than normal speed (b/c larger pressure difference)
69
weather minima for controlled airspace
3 SM day/night 500 ft vertical x 1 mile horizontal from cloud 500 AGL see ground
70
what is SVFR minimum and when can you obtain it
1 SM and clear of cloud day: arrive and depart night: arrive
71
what is uncontrolled airspace minima below 1000 ft
2 SM day and 3 SM night clear of cloud 500 AGL
72
what is uncontrolled airspace minima above 1000 ft
1 SM day and 3 SM night 500 ft vertical x 2000 ft horizontal from cloud 500 AGL
73
i want to overfly an aerodrome. what height minimum must i follow?
1000 ft above circuit height
74
minimum altitude you can fly over a built up area
1000 ft above and 2000 ft horizontal from tallest thing
75
minimum altitude you can fly over a non built up area
500 AGL
76
who do you call to open ammend or close a flight plan
open/close: call NavCanada 1866wxbreif on ground or tower will do it for you at a controlled airport ammend: FISE frequency on map
77
how do you get current weather information en route
FISE
78
uh oh, the engine is running rough. how do we figure out what it is causing it
- carb icing? carb heat on and full throttle - spark plug fouling? lean mixture - magneto malfunction? use L or R check the checklist
79
vacuum system failure and i fly into a cloud. wtf do i do now
- use TC to keep wings level - do 180º if i enter cloud - if descent through cloud: - full rich - carb heat HOT - 500-800 rate of descent - trim 70-80 - keep hands off control and use rudder to keep straight check the checklist
80
my static port got blocked, whatever shall i do?
- pull alternate static knob - airspeed correction in section 5 POH check the checklist
81
my flaps are stuck. what do i do?
- confirm visually - airspeed below 85KT - check circuit breaker - flap Sw try all settings check the checklist
82
my wheels just touched down on landing and uh oh there’s a brake failure. what do i do? what if there’s not enough room on the runway to overshoot?
1. overshoot so i have time to plan and land at the beginning 2. flaps up, turn onto grass, turn off engine, open doors for drag
83
why are the primary and electronic buses kept separate
primary bus = instruments and systems require a lot of power electronic bus = radios and navigation need little power and are very sensitive - ensure’s the electronic bus doesn’t get overloaded - if one system goes down, the other bus isn’t affected
84
diversion procedure
circle/line HDG distance time turn throttle/lean trim talk ETE ETA fuel remaining
85
forced approach procedure:
carb HOT pitch 80 select field practice area call cause check: mixture rich fuel selector both mags cycle then both primer locked throttle idle attempt restart mayday passenger brief shutdown: mixture ICO fuel selector off mags off flaps down master off
86
what point of the weight and balance chart would a plane be most unstable
heavy and aft
87
what does the obstacle clearance circle (OCC) tell us on the cfs map
highest obstacle within this area + 1000ft and rounded up to nearest 100ft

PPL (16 decks)

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