Powerpoint Slides Week 5 pt. 2 Flashcards
What is the difference between modes of production and means of production?
Modes of production- specific, historically occurring set of social relations through which labor is deployed to wrest energy from nature by means of tools, skills, organization, and knowledge
Means of production- tools, skills, and organization necessary to create subsistence goods, or goods/services for the market
What are some of the different
modes of production?
(1) kinordered
(2) tributary
(3) capitalist
Describe the tributary mode of production.
- typically found in farming or herding communities
- the primary producer, is allowed access to the means of production while tribute is extracted from him by political or military means
Describe the kin-ordered mode of production.
- social labor is deployed based on kinship relations
- typically predominant in societies with little centralized authority
Describe the capitalist mode of production.
- the means of production are owned by capitalists
- workers don’t own these means, and must sell their labor to the “capitalists”
- “capitalists” turn this labor into surplus wealth that is either retained by them or reinvested in the means of production to increase output or efficiency
What are some examples of kin-ordered modes of production?
-gender or age based divisions of labor
What are the relations of
production?
the social relations linking human beings who use a given means of production within a particular mode of production
What are some examples of the relations of production?
- capitalists and laborers
- husbands/wives/children
- serfs and lords
In order to persist, any social system must reproduce itself, in terms of social relationships and institutions.
This is called what?
Social Reproduction
________- the cultural products of conscious reflection, such as morality, religion, or metaphysics, that are used to explain and justify the social arrangements under which people live.
ideology
What is the difference between use-value and exchange-value ?
Use-value- the material uses to which the object can be put; the human needs it fulfills
Exchange-value- the value of the commodity that can be exchanged on the open market; compared to other objects by a “universal equivalent”
How does supply and demand work?
Supply and demand match up and this point is called equilibrium.
Price and Quantity also meet up to create equilibrium.
What is the difference between general purpose and special purpose money?
General purpose money- it serves as (1) a mode of payment (2) a means of exchange (3) a standard of value Special purpose money- serves as only one or two of the functions of general purpose money
What are three three types of powers?
(1) “Power over”
(2) “Power to”
(3) “Power with”
Which type of power is this: The ability to limit the actions or possibilities of another?
“Power over”
Which type of power is this: The ability to control your own actions or situations or to make choices?
“Power to”
Which type of power is this: The ability to find common ground with others and form coalitions to help accomplish goals?
“Power with”
What are Wolf’s “modes” of social power?
(1) Interpersonal power
(2) Organizational power
(3) Structural power
Which of Wolf’s “modes” of social power is this: The ability of one individual to impose his or her will on another individual?
Interpersonal power
Which of Wolf’s “modes” of social power is this: The ability of a group or individual to limit the actions of other individuals in particular social settings?
Organizational power
Which of Wolf’s “modes” of social power is this: Control of social settings and the allocation of social labor?
Structural power
________ social constraints on individuals’ actions or possibilities.
Structure
_______-control of one’s actions, perspectives, thoughts, etc; the exercise of choice
Agency
What is a stratified society?
Societies in which there is a permanent hierarchy that accords some members privileged access to wealth, power, and prestige.
What are the two types of centralized society?
(1) state
(2) chiefdom
What are the two types of “egalitarian” society?
(1) tribes
(2) bands
What is a chiefdom?
A form of social organization in which the leader (a chief) and the chief’s close relatives are set apart from the rest of the society and allowed privileged access to wealth, power, and prestige.
What is a state?
A stratified society that possesses a territory that is defended from outside enemies with an army and from internal disorder with police (sometimes).
What are the different types of power/control?
(1) Coercion / physical force (2) Persuasion
(3) Hegemony
(4) Biopower and Governmentality
Which type of power/control is this: the practice of forcing another party to act in an involuntary manner by use of intimidation or threats or some other form of pressure or force?
Coercion / physical force
Which type of power/control is this: the action or fact of convincing someone or of being convinced to do or believe something?
Persuasion
Which type of power/control is this: leadership or dominance, especially by one country or social group over others; political or cultural dominance or authority over others.
Hegemony
Which type of power/control is this: treating people more like numbers
Bipower and/or governmentality
What is a moka?
The Moka is a highly ritualized system of exchange in the Mount Hagen area, Papua New Guinea, that has become emblematic of the anthropological concepts of “gift economy” and of “Big man” political system.
Where did Ongka’s Big Moka take place?
New Guinea
